层状复合金属氢氧化物（LDHs）型HCN水解催化剂制备及催化性能

项目名称： 层状复合金属氢氧化物（LDHs）型HCN水解催化剂制备及催化性能

项目编号： No.21277064

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 环境科学、安全科学

项目作者： 田森林

作者单位： 昆明理工大学

项目金额： 80万元

中文摘要： HCN是来源广泛的毒有害气态污染物。催化水解可高效、无害化转化HCN，达到控制废气中HCN污染目的，且不对废气后续资源化利用造成影响，是HCN最安全有效的净化途径之一，但以往缺乏高催化活性、HCN选择吸附性、水热稳定性、耐氧硫中毒性、易再生的专用HCN水解催化剂。本研究利用层状复合金属氧化物（LDHs）及其焙烧产物（LDOs）具有适宜表面和孔结构、高阴离子交换容量、高碱催化活性、高水热稳定性、结构与组成可调控性、结构"记忆效应"等特性，提出将不同催化活性组分作为制备原料，通过同晶置换、阴离子交换、浸渍与吸附等作用形成多元LDH型HCN水解催化剂的新思路。着重研究LDH型HCN水解催化剂的可控制备方法与规律、催化性能及作用机理、催化剂稳定性和抗毒性及其强化方法。研究成果可为控制HCN大气污染、降低人体健康风险提供理论和技术支撑，并为含HCN废气和工业气体资源化利用创造条件。

中文关键词： 氰化氢；催化；水解；层状复合金属氢氧化物；

英文摘要： HCN is a toxic and hazardous gaseous pollutant and generated in multitudinous sources. HCN can be efficiently and harmlessly decompose by catalytically hydrolysis with achievement of aim to control the emissions, and does not influence the follow-up resource utilization of the HCN-containing waste gas. So catalytically hydrolysis was considered as one of the most safety and effective purification method. But in the past, hydrolysis catalysts with high catalytic activity, selective adsorption ability for HCN , water, hydrothermal stability, resistance to oxygen sulfur toxicity, easily renewable were usually unavailable. This study aim at taking advantage of a layered composite metal oxide (LDHs) and its calcined product (LDOs) with appropriate surface and pore structure, high anion exchange capacity, high-alkali catalytic activity, high hydrothermal stability, variable structure and composition, the structure "memory effect". Therefore this study proposes to prepare the LDH-type hydrolysis catalyst for HCN by using various catalytically active components as the raw materials with the methods such as isomorphous replacement and anion exchanging. The study will focus on the following issues. (1) controllable method and rule for preparation of LDH-type catalysts for hydrolysis of HCN;(2) the catalytic properties and

英文关键词： Hydrogen cyanide；catalysis；hydrolysis；layered double hydroxides；