新一代锂电池硅基负电极材料的优化和制备方法

项目名称： 新一代锂电池硅基负电极材料的优化和制备方法

项目编号： No.51206196

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 工程热物理与能源利用学科

项目作者： 刘娟芳

作者单位： 重庆大学

项目金额： 25万元

中文摘要： 锂电池新型负电极材料中，硅因其具有较低的电压平台和最高的理论电容而极具潜力和优势，是最有希望成为新一代高效锂电池负电极必选材料之一。但是，锂化中极高的体积效应所引起的活性材料粉化和电极失效，是硅基电极应用亟待解决的问题之一。本项目借用分子模拟、数值计算、理论分析和实验研究，表征新型多孔复合硅基材料的微观结构特性、动力传输特性和宏观性能参数；深入研究微观分子构形、结构形态、锂化相态对锂离子传输微观过程和电极性质的影响和协同规律；寻求新型复合硅基材料微观结构调控与宏观性能参数的内在关联；发展新理论及实验方法，探析新型多孔复合硅基电极材料内的新现象和新规律；从原子水平上，揭示控制锂化过程中体积和结构变化、强化锂离子传输过程的关键因素和机制。旨在实现优异硅基电极微观结构的理性化设计、性能的准确预测和简单高效制备，有效解决目前硅基材料推广应用的技术瓶颈，并为促进其大规模应用提供理论指导和新途

中文关键词： 锂离子电池；复合硅基电极；动力特性；微观机理；冷气体动力喷涂

英文摘要： Si is an attractive and promising anode material for lithium batteries, because it has a low discharge potential and the highest known therotical charge capacity. However, silicon anodes have limited application, because silicon's volume changes upon insertion and extraction of lithium, which results in pulverication and capacity fading. So how to increase capacity retention with battery cycling is one of the challenges associated with the use of high-capacity Si anodes. In this project, molecular modelling incorporating with numerical simulation,theoretical analysis and experimental study will be adopted. At first,the microscopical structure, dynamical transport properties and performance factors for the new porous composite Si-based anode will accurately identified by using of mathematical modelling and simulation. Furthermore, the effect of microscopical configration, morphostructure and lithiation phase on the transport of lithium-ion and battery performance will be comprehensively exploited. Moreover, the new theory and experimental approaches will be developed to disclose the new phonomon, law and interplay between controlling the microscopical structure and macroscpoic performances inside the novel porous composite Si-based anode. More importantly, we will provide insights into the key factors and microsc

英文关键词： Lithium-ion battery；composite silicon-based electrode；dynamics property；microscopin mechanism；cold gas dynamics spraying