纳米晶须与基底之间摩擦力的定量测量及其形成机理研究

项目名称： 纳米晶须与基底之间摩擦力的定量测量及其形成机理研究

项目编号： No.11502080

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2016

项目学科： 数理科学和化学

项目作者： 侯丽珍

作者单位： 湖南师范大学

项目金额： 22万元

中文摘要： 纳米晶须是构筑微/纳米器件和制备高性能复合材料的关键组件。纳米晶须具有超强的表面作用力（摩擦和吸附），这不仅为纳米晶须的操作、组装和应用带来了挑战与机遇，而且在整个纳米制造技术中也扮演着举足轻重的角色。然而，由于技术上的困难，人们很难准确测量出这种纳米尺度下的表面作用力，因此也不清楚其物理形成机制。本项目中我们拟开展如下研究：建立基于光学纳米操纵技术的新方法，定量测量单根纳米晶须与基底之间的摩擦力；建立起纳米晶须与基底之间摩擦力对接触界面的粗糙度、面积和相对滑移速度、环境温度和湿度等因素的定量依赖关系；建立起摩擦力（动、静）与界面上的范德华力、静电力和毛细力等物理（化学）起源之间的定量关系。通过该项研究，不仅有望为纳米晶须与基底之间的摩擦力建立起清晰的物理图像，同时也能为摩擦力在微观（10 nm以下）和宏观（10 μm以上）尺度下的差异性提供一些定量的物理解释。

中文关键词： 纳米摩擦；纳米晶须；光学纳米操纵；物理机制

英文摘要： Nanowhiskers are the key building blocks for the fabrication of the micro/nano-scale devices and the advanced composites with high performance. The ultrahigh surface forces (friction and adhesion) of nanowhiskers bring not only great challenges but also opportunities for the manipulation, assembly and applications of nanowhiskers, and have also played an important role on the nanofabrication technique. However, due to some technical difficulties, the surface forces on nanowhiskers are quite difficult to be determined, and their origins are not still far from clear. In the present proposal, we will focus on the following issues: to establish the novel methodologies based on the optical nanomanipulation for the quantitatively measurement of a nanowhisker and the flat substrate; to establish the quantitative dependence of the friction at nanowhisker/substrate interfaces on the surface roughness, contact area, sliding speed, environmental temperature and humidity; to clarify the contribution of the origins, such as van der Waals forces, electrostatic force and capillary forces to the friction at the nanowhisker/substrate interface. The research results of the present proposal, will not only enable us understand the physical origins of the friction between nanowhiskers and substrates, but also help us to understand the significant discrepancies between the micro-scale (< 10 nm) and macro-scale (>10 μm) friction.

英文关键词： nanofriction;nanowhiskers;optical nanomanipulation;physical mechanism