人造暖云雾凝结核的核化控制与催化机理

项目名称： 人造暖云雾凝结核的核化控制与催化机理

项目编号： No.41205097

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 大气科学学科

项目作者： 代梦艳

作者单位： 中国人民解放军防化研究院

项目金额： 26万元

中文摘要： 人造暖云雾催化技术是通过模拟天然雾的形成机理，利用造雾剂燃烧反应形成高吸湿性的催化凝结核，凝结空气中的水汽而形成人造雾障。这一技术可实现快速布设大面积、长留空、立体笼罩型雾障，是一种具有良好军事应用前景的绿色光电防护技术，但目前对于其核化过程控制和催化机理方面的研究还存在不足。本项目将采用实验和理论分析相结合的方法，通过对燃烧过程和凝结核组成、粒度分布等进行控制，建立凝结核微结构与成核率、CCN浓度以及雾滴谱分布、数密度、含水量等微物理性能的对应关系，对凝结核的核化机制和催化成雾机理进行系统的分析和研究；并结合K?hler方程对凝结核的潮解相对湿度、平衡粒径、增长因子等参数的变化进行计算，分析环境因素对成雾过程的影响；通过对雾障的可见光和红外消光性能的测定，建立消光计算模型，探索凝结核性能调控与消光特性的作用规律，对进一步揭示人造雾障的催化机理和优化其消光性能具有重要意义。

中文关键词： 凝结核；人造雾障；核化控制；催化机理；光电防护

英文摘要： In order to meet the demand of passive photoelectric jamming technology of extensive region and tridimensional vesture, a artificial warm fog fabricating technique was studied based on the developmental mechanism of nature fog. This technique is hoped to be widely used in military affairs. The artificial fog was formed by the coagulation process of artificial nucleus that were made of highly hygroscopic catalyze and dispersed by the combustion of fog aerosol. However, there were even some problems which were not clear out in the nucleation control and fog catalyze mechanism. In this study, those above problems will be systemic researched by control of the combustion process and the microphysical capability of coagulation nucleus and fog drops such as constitute, size and density. According to the K?hler equation, the influence of environmental factor on the artificial fog will be studied by calculating the RDH, equilibrium size and other parameters. Also the photoelectric extinction performance will be tested and calculated. The interactive effect of the nucleation control of artificial nucleus and extinction mechanism will be discussed in order to optimize the extinction performance of artificial fog.

英文关键词： coagulate nucleus；artificial fog；nucleation control；catalysis mechanism；photoelectricity obscurity