可编程的核酸适配体荧光探针的构建及其在细胞膜蛋白时空分辨成像中的应用

项目名称： 可编程的核酸适配体荧光探针的构建及其在细胞膜蛋白时空分辨成像中的应用

项目编号： No.21505113

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2016

项目学科： 高分子科学

项目作者： 杨斌

作者单位： 湘潭大学

项目金额： 21万元

中文摘要： 膜蛋白是细胞内外信息沟通和功能调控的媒介，也是癌细胞重要的生物标志物，已经成为分子生物学研究的重要对象和癌症诊断的基本依据。然而，目前传统的细胞荧光成像策略无法实现对成像信号的可控调节，从而限制了对细胞膜蛋白动态行为的研究。针对这一问题，本项目拟将利用支点介导的DNA链置换策略在可编程分子开关设计上的优势，拟构建具有二元嵌合物结构的新型核酸适配体荧光探针，将实现对荧光成像信号的程序化可控调节。尝试将该类荧光探针用于细胞膜蛋白时空分辨的智能化荧光成像，期望满足膜蛋白动态行为研究的需求，包括膜蛋白介导的细胞内吞、多目标成像和空间分布成像等研究内容，以探索核酸适配体在细胞荧光成像领域的新应用。本项目有望建立生物相容性好、稳定性高的智能型细胞成像探针的新方法，突破荧光成像探针功能单一和时空分辨成像困难等方面的局限，也将丰富新型DNA分子器件的设计并拓展其在生物体系的应用前景。

中文关键词： 核酸适配体；荧光探针；DNA链置换；细胞成像；时空分辨

英文摘要： Membrane proteins are important cancer biomarkers and the interface of the intracellular and extracellular environments, playing key role in the process of intracellular functional regulation. Therefore, they have become an important basis for cancer diagnosis and the key subject of molecular biology research. However, the conventional fluorescent imaging probes often functioned in an uncontrolled way, limiting the further study of the membrane proteins’ dynamic behaviors. To solve this problem, this research program will construct a novel type of aptamer probes with binary chimera structure, thus regulating the fluorescent imaging signals in a programmable manner. These binary probes are based on two moieties: one aptamer for sensing, the other for signals' regulation. The signals regulation’ moiety will use one strategy named toehold-mediated DNA strand displacement, taking advantage of its great ability to construction of senior programmable molecular switches. These programmable aptamer fluorescent probes will be used for intelligent imaging of membrane proteins in a spatiotemporal mode, thus exploring new applications of aptamers in fluorescent imaging research of cells. They may meet various needs to study membrane proteins’ dynamic behaviors, such as the membrane protein-mediated internalization, multiplexed probing of living cells, spatially distributed imaging and so on. This issue is expected to establish a novel intelligent imaging approach with good biocompatibility and high stability in cellular environments, overcoming aptamers’ limitations of little functions and difficulties in spatiotemporal imaging. It will also enrich the design of novel DNA molecular devices and expand their new applications in biological system.

英文关键词： aptamer;fluorescent probes;DNA strand displacement strategy;cell imaging;spatiotemporal mode