离子液体固液界面介尺度结构的形成机制及电场调控

项目名称： 离子液体固液界面介尺度结构的形成机制及电场调控

项目编号： No.91534109

项目类型： 重大研究计划

立项/批准年度： 2016

项目学科： 数理科学和化学

项目作者： 陈仕谋

作者单位： 中国科学院过程工程研究所

项目金额： 80万元

中文摘要： 近年来离子液体在锂电池、太阳能电池、电解电镀等电化学领域中的应用引起广泛关注，离子液体在固液界面的纳微结构及物化行为是其电化学过程的核心科学问题，然而对离子液体在电极表面介尺度结构认识的缺乏，导致依赖于传统“三传一反”原理的电化学过程调控难以实现重大突破。另一方面，电场作用下离子液体非常规介质的电化学反应过程为介尺度科学理论体系的构建提供了不同于传统分子型介质的新体系和新挑战。本项目主要利用XPS、XAFS等光谱技术并结合理论模拟，重点考察离子液体在固体电极表面处的介尺度结构形成机制及稳定性条件，进一步通过原位电化学研究平台，考察离子液体在电场作用下的介尺度结构变化规律，以及在电场和电极界面耦合作用下的表界面电化学反应过程，获得反应过程的微观机理和调控机制，建立通过固液界面离子液体介尺度调控实现其电化学反应过程调控的新原理和新方法，为离子液体在储能、冶金等电化学过程中的应用提供理论基础。

中文关键词： 离子液体；电化学；固液界面；介尺度结构

英文摘要： Recently, ionic liquids (ILs) have been extensively studied in electrochemistry, such as lithium ion batteries, solar cells, electrolysis, electroplating, etc. The microstructures and behavior of the ILs at the surface of electrodes are the key of the ILs-involved electrochemical processes. However, the lack of knowledge on the formation mechanism of the meso-scale structure at solid-liquid interface of the ILs electrochemical system, as well as the flow-transfer-reaction properties, leads to the possible failures and difficulties of the process modulation. On the other hand, the meso-scale of ILs in electrochemistry is a new system and challenge for the meso-scale science research. In this proposal, by using XPS, XAFS and theoretical calculations, we will focus on the formation and stability mechanism of the meso-scale structures of ILs at interfaces, and the influence of the meso-structure under electric field. Furthermore, we will establish the in-situ experiment research platform for meso-science of ILs electrochemistry system, the meso-scale structures and coupling mechanism of electric field and interfaces will be investigated. the project intends to develop a new method for controlling the ILs-involved electrochemical processes based on the meso-scale modulation, and the results will provide scientific bases for the application of ILs in electrochemistry.

英文关键词： ionic liquid;electrochemistry;solid-liquid interface;meso-scale structure