层状前驱体法构筑半导体异质结及其光激发气敏性质

项目名称： 层状前驱体法构筑半导体异质结及其光激发气敏性质

项目编号： No.51472021

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 一般工业技术

项目作者： 郭影

作者单位： 北京化工大学

项目金额： 83万元

中文摘要： 气敏传感器的开发对保护环境极其重要,而获得高性能的敏感材料是关键。本项目针对氧化物半导体气敏材料普遍存在工作温度较高的问题，拟利用双金属氢氧化物（LDHs）前驱体法制备光激发气敏材料，实现可见光源代替热源，从而降低工作温度。根据半导体的禁带宽度设计元素组成，经原位拓扑焙烧构筑具有半导体异质结的复合金属氧化物（LDO），并借助可见光激发来实现光生电荷的有效分离，发展可见光响应的气敏材料；采用模板法制备具有不同形貌的LDHs，进而制备LDO纳米多级结构，提升气敏性能；对LDO进行非金属掺杂，调变异质结的禁带宽度，扩展光谱吸收范围，增强光响应能力；通过LDO表面沉积贵金属、复合有机半导体等方式改变半导体异质结的电子结构，提高光激发气敏效率；研究LDO复合材料的光激发气敏机理，总结构效关系。通过本项目的实施，开发高性能的光激发气敏材料，为有效利用太阳光，发展光激发气敏技术提供理论及实验基础。

中文关键词： 双金属氢氧化物；半导体；异质结；光激发；气敏

英文摘要： Developing gas sensor is very important for protecting envionment and the critical part is to obtain gas sensitive materials with high properties. This project aims at the general problem that metal oxide semiconductor gas sensitive materials normally have the high working temperature. It is proposed to prepare the light-stimulated gas sensitive materials using layered double hydroxides (LDH) as precursors and using visible light instead of heat source to lower down the working temperature. According to the semiconductors' forbidden band width, one can design the metal elements in LDH which can be calcined into layered double oxides (LDO) with semiconductor heterostructures. The photo induced charges can be separated efficiently and the visible light responsible gas sensing materials will be developed. To prepare LDHs with specific morphology and structures based on templates, which is followed by a calcined process to obtain LDO with nano hierarchical structures. Therefore, the gas sensing properties will be improved with the aid of visible light excitation. By a nonmetal doping of LDO, the forbidden band width will be tuned and the spectral adsorption domain will be expanded. The efficiency of light excitation gas sensing properties will be improved also. By means of some modification approaches, such as surface deposition with precious metals, composite with organic conductive materials etc., the electronic structures of the materials will be changed and the light-stimulated efficiency will be advanced. The gas sensing mechanism stimulated by light stimulates will be studied and the regularities between the structures and the properties will be summarized also. By conducting this project, the light-simulated gas sensitive materials will be developed. To utilize the sunlight effectively, this project will provide the theoretical basis to develop the light stimulated gas sensor technology.

英文关键词： layered double hydroxides;semiconductor;herterostructures;light stimulated;gas sensing