基于自发眨眼频率测量的中枢多巴胺功能与执行功能的相互影响机制：从儿童中期到成人早期

项目名称： 基于自发眨眼频率测量的中枢多巴胺功能与执行功能的相互影响机制：从儿童中期到成人早期

项目编号： No.31300857

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2014

项目学科： 医药、卫生

项目作者： 张婷

作者单位： 西南大学

项目金额： 21万元

中文摘要： 执行功能是一种基础的认知能力，在个体心理发展中地位重要。临床研究发现执行功能障碍儿童服用或注射多巴胺药物后，执行功能显著改善；遗传学研究发现多巴胺系统相关基因影响儿童的执行功能。这些研究说明儿童时期执行功能的发展与中枢多巴胺系统关系密切；不过受研究方法和对象的局限，目前二者的关系仍不清楚。自发眨眼频率是反映多巴胺系统综合水平的有效指标，对其的测量是非侵入式的，该指标可拓宽多巴胺指标在儿童心理发展研究中的应用，目前相关研究还在起步阶段。本项目拟通过测量自发眨眼频率，结合行为、ERPs和fMRI研究，探究从儿童中期到成人早期不同发展阶段（1）多巴胺系统的个体差异对执行功能各维度的影响，（2）执行功能训练对多巴胺系统的改变。总之本项目将从大脑生化系统角度揭示执行功能发展机制，深化对在执行功能发展中身心系统相互影响的认识；为正常发育个体的执行功能训练和精神发育异常个体认知功能的矫正提供可借鉴模式。

中文关键词： 多巴胺；自发眨眼频率；执行功能；儿童发展；抑制控制

英文摘要： Executive function (EF) is very important in the development of psychology. Clinical studies found that after taking Dopamine (DA) medicine, the performance in EF tasks of children with EF disorder would improve; gene researches showed that DA genes would influence the development of EF. All these studies implied that there was closed relationship between EF and DA in childhood. However because of methods and participants, what the essential relation between EF and DA have not been clear. Spontaneous eye blink rate (EBR) is an effective clinical indicator indexing central DA function; measuring EBR is invasive; and this indicator would expand the studies about DA in the development of psychology. So far, there have been few studies about EBR and cognition. In the present proposal, by utilizing EBR as the indicator of DA, four studies through behavioral, ERPs and fMRI technology would investigate (1) the influence of DA to dimensions of EF and (2) the influence of EF trainings to DA from middle childhood to early adulthood.This proposal would reveal the developmental mechanism of EF from the angle of brain biochemical system, would deepen the knowledge about the bidirectional influence between DA and EF development; also this proposal would provide EF training models to typical and atypical children.

英文关键词： dopamine；spontaneous eye blink rate；executive function；child development；inhibition