现场指纹自动处理与识别若干关键问题研究

项目名称： 现场指纹自动处理与识别若干关键问题研究

项目编号： No.61473214

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 其他

项目作者： 曹凯

作者单位： 西安电子科技大学

项目金额： 80万元

中文摘要： 现场指纹是从犯罪现场提取的指纹图像。与主观配合下采集的滚动指纹和平板指纹相比，现场指纹不仅脊线纹理质量差，背景复杂，背景噪声甚至与指纹纹理重叠，而且提取出来的指纹通常不完整，具有很大形变。目前的现场指纹识别系统都依赖手动标定的特征，在认证过程中也需要人工的参与。在本项目拟研究现场指纹的自动处理和识别。我们拟采用字典学习和稀疏表示的方法对现场指纹图像进行分割，增强和特征提取，大量高质量的指纹图像块用来学习得到字典，对现场指纹块采用字典和稀疏表示的方法对其重构。指纹图像的质量就可以定义为现场指纹图像块与其重建块之间的相似度，而用来增强的指纹方向场和频率场则从其重建块中提取。字典学习的方法还将用来从不完整的现场指纹方向场中重建完整的方向场以降低错误错误接受率。本项目还将研究细节点局部特征的提取和融合以提高细节点的区分性，以及局部细节点匹配和基于张量的图匹配来保证匹配细节点的拓扑结构。

中文关键词： 现场指纹；指纹识别；稀疏表示；字典学习

英文摘要： Latent fingerprints refer to the prints lifted from surfaces of objects in criminal scene. Compared to rolled and plain fingerprints (or exemplar fingerprints), which are acquired in an attended mode, latents are typically of poor quality in terms of ridge structure and complex background noise, and are usually partial (incomplete) and with large non-linear distortion. Current latent fingerprint recognition systems rely on manually marked features and manual intervention is also needed in the verification. In this proposal, we plan to work on automatic processing and matching of latent fingerprints. First, dictionary learning and sparse coding based approach will be proposed for latent segmentation, enhancement and feature extraction. A number of high quality fingerprints are used for fingerprint patch dictionary learning, which will be used to reconstruct latent fingerprint patches. The fingerprint quality is then defined as the similarity between latent patches and their reconstructions. The orientation and frequency fields, which are used for enhancement, are then extracted from the reconstructed patches. Dictionary based method will be also used to reconstruct the whole orientation field from the incomplete latent fingerprints, which can be used to reduce false reject rate. Local features around minutiae will be learnt and fused to increase minutiae distinctiveness. Local matching and propagation and tensor based method will be proposed to ensure the topological structure of matched minutiae.

英文关键词： Latent fingerprint;Fingerprint recognition;Sparse representation;Dictionary learning