微波烧结钆锆烧绿石固化多核素的机理与辐照效应研究

项目名称： 微波烧结钆锆烧绿石固化多核素的机理与辐照效应研究

项目编号： No.41302028

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2014

项目学科： 天文学、地球科学

项目作者： 卢喜瑞

作者单位： 西南科技大学

项目金额： 25万元

中文摘要： 钆锆烧绿石（Gd2Zr2O7）被认为是人造岩石（矿物）固化239Pu和237Np等超长半衰期锕系或次锕系核素的理想基材，是目前核废物处理处置等领域研究的热点和难点之一。本项目尝试采用微波烧结技术探索钆锆烧绿石结构人工矿物固化体的快速合成新方法，开展基于我国自主研发核废物TRPO处理流程产生高放废物的人造矿物模拟固化基础研究；在模拟地质处置库环境下，借助α、β和γ射线加速辐照等技术，进行人工矿物固化体综合性能评价。研究在微波烧结过程中，多模拟核素的类质同象作用及其在固化体中赋存状态（优先占位、氧化价态、电荷补偿等）与固核机理以及人工矿物固化体的结构与化学稳定性；重点考虑人工矿物固化体蜕晶质化过程中核素扩散、迁移和聚集等行为，阐明其辐照损伤机制，建立烧绿石结构人工矿物固化体长期安全稳定性评价方法。 项目研究的成果，将为烧绿石结构矿物多核素高放废物处理的工程化应用提供重要的科学依据和技术支撑。

中文关键词： 钆锆烧绿石；高放废物；微波烧结；固核机理；辐照效应

英文摘要： Studies about pyrochlore Gd2Zr2O7 is one of the most hot and difficult problem in nuclear waste disposal,since it shows considerable potential for immobilizing radionuclide including long half-life actinides (eg.239Pu and 237Np) or minor actinides.In this project,a new and rapid synthesis method of pyrochlore Gd2Zr2O7 structured synroc-solidified matrix by microwave sintering technology is put forward.The basic research about the artificial-mineral analoged solidification in dealing with the high-level radioactive waste from TRPO treatment process would be studied.Furthermore,the comprehensive performances of solidified matrix in simulated geological repository environment are to be evaluated with α,β and γ-ray acceleration irradiation technology.The isomorphism effect of analoged multi-nuclides in microwave sintering process,the occurrence status (like priority placeholder,oxidation valence,charge compensation etc.) in solidified matrix,the immobilization mechanism for radionuclide,the physical structure and chemical stability of synroc-solidified matrix are within the researching scope of this project.More importantly,the diffusion,migration and aggregation behavior of radionuclide as the synroc-solidified crystal shedding,the radiation caused damage mechanisms,and the evaluation methods for long-term security

英文关键词： pyrochlore Gd2Zr2O7；high-level radioactive waste；microwave sintering；immobilization mechanism；irradiation effect