高能钽混合电容器的研究

项目名称： 高能钽混合电容器的研究

项目编号： No.21473258

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 分析化学

项目作者： 纪效波

作者单位： 中南大学

项目金额： 87万元

中文摘要： 本项目针对石墨烯界面结构与其电化学性能的关系进行基础研究，采用阴极剥离法，以石墨棒为阴极电极获得表面结构完好的石墨烯。分别研究活化和功能化后石墨烯比表面、边缘结构（边缘缺陷，边缘/平面含量），表面结构（三维孔洞，表面缺陷，表面褶皱），表面功能团（含氧/氟/氮功能团），残留杂质（金属，非金属）等因素以及片层排布形式与石墨烯电化学行为的关系，解析上述因素对石墨烯电容特性的竞争及协同影响效果，并确定提高和限制石墨烯电化学性能的关键因素。在上述基础上，采用电化学方法以及强化蚀刻条件切割石墨烯或功能化石墨烯获得石墨烯量子点，并进一步与水合氧化钌构建复合阴极材料。同时通过提高钽阳极的稳定性和可靠性，匹配良好浸润性的电解质溶液，构建工作电压高、储能密度大的混合钽电容器。

中文关键词： 石墨烯；电化学；钽；超级电容器；界面结构

英文摘要： To make supercapacitor more commercially viable and used more extensively, this aim of this proposal is to investigate the structure effects of graphene upon its electrochemical properties of graphene-based ultracapacitors, where the competitive impacts resulting from the edge content, specific surface area, edge/basal defects, oxygen-containing groups and metal oxides/surfactant impurities are taken into consideration, demonstrating that not one element, but all would be responsible for the final electrochemical behaviors of graphene-based ultracapacitor. Also by the etching of graphene to carbon quantum dot, followey by the decoration of RuO2, this hybrid might exhibit high specific capacitances, ultrahigh rate capability. The formation of the network structure, which facilitates the fast charge transport and ionic motion during the charge/discharge process and greatly improves the utilization of RuO2, leading to rapid redox reactions. Finally, a tantalum hybrid capacitor will be resulted with a combination of the anode of tantalum and the composites of carbon materials. We wish to build upon this extend initial proof-of-concept supercapacitor for providing higher voltage and better energy density.

英文关键词： graphene;electrochemistry;tantalum;supercapacitor;surface structure