新型加成固化型硼、硅协同分子级杂化酚醛树脂的设计、制备与性能研究

项目名称： 新型加成固化型硼、硅协同分子级杂化酚醛树脂的设计、制备与性能研究

项目编号： No.51473171

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 一般工业技术

项目作者： 罗振华

作者单位： 中国科学院化学研究所

项目金额： 85万元

中文摘要： 现代宇航技术的飞速发展要求飞行器在有氧环境下、长时间飞行，传统酚醛树脂因残碳率低、不抗氧化等问题已难以满足其热防护的要求，迫切需要开发新型高性能的耐烧蚀树脂。本项目从分子结构设计的角度出发，通过调控反应条件，制备了硅、硼协同杂化的加成固化型酚醛树脂，并系统开展了其结构与性能关系研究。本项目通过酚羟基修饰的方法把乙烯基引入到树脂结构中，通过其热聚合实现了酚醛树脂的加成固化；以化学键的方式把硅和硼元素嫁接到树脂结构中，实现了该元素的分子级均匀分散，赋予了树脂优良的热氧稳定性。在完成树脂合成、表征及性能评价的基础上，本项目进一步开展了树脂的固化机理、碳化行为、高温裂解规律研究，阐述了其分子结构、固化物性能、碳化裂解规律与烧蚀性能的相关性。本项目的顺利完成为新型耐高温、耐烧蚀、抗氧化的高性能树脂的制备开辟一条可行的新途径，有望在我国的烧蚀防热等高技术领域获得应用。

中文关键词： 杂化酚醛树脂；分子设计；结构与性能；热氧稳定性；高残碳率

英文摘要： With rapid development of modern aerospace technology, new type spacecraft would run in aerobic environment for long time. Under this new kind of ablative environment, conventional phenolic resin can't meet the requirement of thermal protection system because of its low char-yielding property and poor thermo-oxidative stability. Therefore, it is imperative to develop novel anti-ablative resin with high performance. This project mainly focused on design, preparation and correlation study between structure and property of a novel addition-curable hybrid phenolic resin containing silicon and boron element with molecule level uniform distribution. Vinyl functional groups were introduced into phenolic structure by modification of hydroxyl groups to endow the hybrid resin with characteristics of addition cure. The silicon and boron element were connected into phenolic structure with chemical bonds and formed uniform distribution at molecule level, which imparts the hybrid resin excellent thermo-oxidative stability. A series of hybrid resin with different molecular structure and Si/B content were prepared by controlling reaction condition. After completing synthesis, characterization and property evaluation, in this project, further study was carried on cure mechanism, carbonization behavior and high temperature pyrolysis of the hybrid resin to reveal the correlation with its ablative property. Completion of the project would provide a practicable new approach to prepare high performance matrix for anti-ablative and high temperature resistant composites, showing a promising application propect of the hybrid resin in high technology fields.

英文关键词： Hybrid pheolic resin;Molecular design;Structure and property;Thermo-oxidative stability;High char yield