离子液体包水微乳液中脂肪酶催化C-C形成反应

项目名称： 离子液体包水微乳液中脂肪酶催化C-C形成反应

项目编号： No.21262002

项目类型： 地区科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 数理科学和化学

项目作者： 乐长高

作者单位： 东华理工大学

项目金额： 50万元

中文摘要： 酶被认为是一种快速、专一的生物催化剂，许多具有催化选择性的酶广泛应用于有机合成中。研究新发现：酶能够在活性位点催化其它反应，即催化多功能性。本项目将利用离子液体的可设计性，设计合成离子液体，以离子液体包水微乳液（即W/IL微乳液）为反应介质，脂肪酶为多功能生物催化剂，催化多种类型的C-C键形成反应；建立脂肪酶催化C-C形成的反应规律。"离子液体包水"微乳液克服了水、有机介质和离子液体的不足，提高了酶的溶解性、稳定性和活性，增加反应底物的溶解度，提高反应产率和选择性。本项目的研究将推动脂肪酶在生物催化中应用，加快绿色合成技术和方法的发展，具有重要的学术意义和社会效益。

中文关键词： 离子液体；微乳液；水解酶；碳碳键形成反应；酶的多功能性

英文摘要： Compared to the traditional organic method,enzymatic synthesis works in a high stereo and regio selective or specific manner has been extensively used. In recent years, research finds catalytic promiscuity of enzyme.howover solvents physical properties such as dielectric constant, dipole moment and hydrophobicity are related to various effects on enzyme activity, specificity,promiscuity and enantioselectivity. The physical-chemical properties of ionic liquids (ILs) can be adjusted for specific applications by varying the structures of their cations and/or anions.The technological utility of enzymes can be enhanced greatly by their use in ILs rather than in conventional organic solvents or in their natural aqueous reaction media due to their unique physicochemical properties.The use of ILs has manifested many advantages, such as high conversion rates, high enantioselectivity,better enzyme stability, as well as better recoverability and recyclability. However one important drawback regarding the use of enzymes in ILs is the fact that they are not soluble in most ILs. To improve enzyme solubility as well as activity in ILs,various attempts have been in vestigated. Many approaches are often laborious and timeconsuming as well tedious,and they also suffer from high costs. one of the most promising approaches to s

英文关键词： Ionic liquid；Microemulsion；Hydrolase；Carbon-carbon bond formation reaction；Enzyme promiscuity