典型林耕地转换模式下颗粒态磷流失的土壤主控因子光谱甄别

项目名称： 典型林耕地转换模式下颗粒态磷流失的土壤主控因子光谱甄别

项目编号： No.41301227

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2014

项目学科： 天文学、地球科学

项目作者： 林晨

作者单位： 中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所

项目金额： 26万元

中文摘要： 林地开发以及耕地内部种植模式的调整是林耕地转换的主要模式。多样化的转换模式易引发农业面源污染,使土壤表层磷素主要以颗粒态的形式向水体流失，并成为湖泊营养盐的主要成分。这一现象在太湖流域较为典型，因此快速掌握农业面源磷流失特征已成为太湖水体富营养化治理的重要基础。针对现有研究模型因子繁多、数据获取难度大、空间分异特征难以有效体现的问题，本研究以颗粒态磷流失的特征分析为基础，初步遴选对其流失影响较大的土壤主控因子，再通过实验室与野外实测光谱的拟合以及对比分析，揭示颗粒态磷流失与土壤属性变化之间的定量联系，实现典型林耕地转换模式下土壤主控因子的光谱甄别，从而以关键指示性指标代替繁冗的建模因子，合理简化模型，达到快速监测颗粒态磷流失的目的。研究有助于提高土壤营养元素流失估算的时效性与准确性，也可为农业面源污染的差别化治理提供理论依据。

中文关键词： 土地利用变化；高光谱；面源磷流失；土壤理化特性；

英文摘要： The modes of woodland and farmland transformation are diverse，which always lead to the occurrence of agricultural nonpoint source pollution, and resulted in Phosphorus in surface soil loss into water,to be the main component of nutrients in lakes. This phenomenon was particularly typical in Taihu Lake Basin. Therefore, to access the Phosphorus loss features has become the important foundation of Taihu Lake eutrophication governance. In existed studies, the modeling factors were numerous, data acquisition was difficult, and spatial variation characteristics were hardly to embodied effectively . And in this study, firstly, by means of soil physical and chemical analysis and GIS spatial evaluation, the primary factors of particulate phosphorus loss were selected preliminary. Afterwards, by using the character of hyper-spectral in detect soil component information rapidly, the laboratory spectra and field measured spectra were fitted and analyzed, the linkages between particulate phosphorus loss and soil properties variation were revealed, finally, the spectral identification for primary factors of particulate phosphorus loss in different woodland and farmland transformation modes were achieved, which can instead numerous modeling factors of primary factors, and then attain the goal of monitoring particulate phosph

英文关键词： land use change；hyperspectral；non - point source phosphorus load；soil physical and chemical properties；