短基线三角形多频台阵的行进式电离层扰动传播特性观测研究

项目名称： 短基线三角形多频台阵的行进式电离层扰动传播特性观测研究

项目编号： No.41474135

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 天文学、地球科学

项目作者： 朱正平

作者单位： 中南民族大学

项目金额： 90万元

中文摘要： 行进式电离层扰动(TID)是电离层中经常发生的现象,观测研究这些扰动的时空变化特性对于理解高层大气中能量传播与耗散过程具有十分重要作用,是当前空间天气研究的热点之一。针对目前TID探测方法中高频多普勒阵探测频点少、测高仪无水平传播参量、卫星信标TEC布站密度大且无高度信息以及气辉观测时间受限且在固定高度等现状，本项目探索一种短基线三角形多频台阵(由1点发射和3点接收,并用GPS收发同步探测的多频系统构成),对TID传播变化特性进行观测研究。利用短基线多点空间探测实现TID水平空间变化测量，利用多频探测实现TID高度变化测量，通过获得不同反射点、不同高度回波信号的多普勒频移，采用非单一场时频分析方法提取TID扰动周期、幅度和传播速度等参量，并反演电离层运动剖面。通过连续观测，给出中国中部地区电离层扰动的统计变化特性以及磁暴期间的演变特性，为实验观测研究TID传播变化特性提供一种连续有效手段。

中文关键词： 电离层；电离层扰动；电离层探测；空间天气

英文摘要： TID (Travelling Ionospherci Disturbances) is a frequent phenomenon in the ionosphere. The observation and the research of temporal and spatial variations of TID are very important for people to understand energy propagation and dissipation in the middle and upper atmosphere.Nowadays this has become one of the research focuses of space weather. However, there exist presently such some problems in current sounding methods of TID as the number of sounding frequencies in high frequency Doppler array is few, there is no horizontal propagation component in ionosonde, distribution density is larger and there is no height information of ionospheric disturbances in satellite beaconing for TEC, and the time of observation is limited and detecting is only performed at fixed heights in airglow observation et al. In order to solve the above prolems, this project presents a short baseline multi-frequency observation array, which is comprised of one transmitting spot, three receiving spots, and synchronization systems controlled by Global Position System (GPS), to obsrve and study the characteristic of propagation and variation of TID. The horizontal variation of TID is measeured by using spatial measurement in multi-point with the short baseline observation system. The vertival variation of TID is measured by using the multi-frequency observation system. Thus the Doppler frequency shifts of different reflection points and different heights are obtained. Then the Doppler frequency shifts are analyzed by adopting time-frequency analysis method of non-single disturbance field to extract some disturbance parameters of TID like the period, the magnitude, and the propagation velocity et al. In the end, the profile of ionospheric movements is inversed by Dopplionograms. After long-term continual observations are carried out, the statistical characteristic of ionospheric disturbances during quiet period and the evolution characteristic of ionospheric disturbances during magnetic storm in the center of China are presented. This offers a continual and effective way to observe and study the characteristic of propagation and variation of TID by experimental methods.

英文关键词： ionosphere;ionospheric disturbances;ionospheric sounding;space weather