高速铁路轨道伤损的金属磁记忆动态检测方法研究

项目名称： 高速铁路轨道伤损的金属磁记忆动态检测方法研究

项目编号： No.11472201

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 数理科学和化学

项目作者： 郑晓静

作者单位： 西安电子科技大学

项目金额： 86万元

中文摘要： 随着高速列车载重量、行车密度及运行速度的不断提高，高速铁路钢轨滚动接触疲劳损伤程度不断加深，直接影响高速列车的运行安全，准确评估在役金属钢轨中应力集中以及早期损伤，可以避免由于意外的疲劳损伤发展而引发的恶性事故。金属磁记忆无损检测可以对构件的损伤位置及程度进行早期预警，是一种操作简单的无源检测技术，是无损检测研究领域的前沿课题。本项目拟针对高速铁路轨道伤损的动态预测展开研究，基于金属磁记忆方法对钢轨进行动态检测，准确采集钢轨附近有效磁信号并建立力-磁耦合理论模型定量反演钢轨内部损伤，并确定动态检验钢轨伤损评判标准。本项目的实施拟解决微弱磁场下铁磁性材料的力-磁耦合行为的准确刻画这一科学问题以及高铁钢轨金属磁记忆无损检测标准的确立和精准的损伤定位这一应用问题，为金属磁记忆方法在高速铁路钢轨伤损检测中应用提供理论基础和依据。

中文关键词： 力-磁耦合；金属磁记忆；理论模型；无损检测；磁弹塑性

英文摘要： Rolling contact fatigue of high-speed rails, which influences the safety of running train directly, becomes more serious due to the increasing of the carrying capacity, traffic density and speed of trains. Based on the accurate evaluations of stress concentration and early damage in the metallic rails in service, malignant accidents due to the accidental fatigue damage development can be avoided. The earlier warning of the location and degree of damage in component can be achieved by metal magnetic memory method which is a passive testing with simple operation and a front subject in the non-destructive testing research field. In the present project, we aims for the dynamic prediction of damage in high-speed railway track. Based on metal magnetic memory method, the dynamic testing on rail is carried out to gather magnetic signals accurately. The inversion theory of internal damage in rail is established by a quantitative force-magnetic coupling theoretical model, thus we can determine the criteria of the dynamic examination for checkout of rail damage. This project will clarify a scientific problem about force - magnetic coupling behavior of ferromagnetic material in a weak magnetic field and solve an application problem about establishing a judging criteria and accurate damage location for the metal magnetic memory non-destructive testing in high-speed railway track. The research results can provide some theoretical foundations and basis for the application of metal magnetic memory in high-speed railway track.

英文关键词： magnetomechanical coupling;metal magnetic memory;theoretical model;non-destructive inspection;magneto-elasto-plastic