低能耗信息采集技术在无线射频识别系统中的研究

项目名称： 低能耗信息采集技术在无线射频识别系统中的研究

项目编号： No.61472385

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 自动化技术、计算机技术

项目作者： 李涛

作者单位： 中国科学技术大学苏州研究院

项目金额： 80万元

中文摘要： 无线射频识别技术(RFID)近年来在库存管理、物品追踪等方面有着越来越重要的应用。通过将标签附着在物品上，我们可以远距离实时高效地访问系统中每个物品的信息，从而实现大规模物品的信息采集。当前研究趋势主要集中在提高采集协议的时效性上。我们发现，有源标签由于其长传输距离特性更适合在大规模RFID系统中使用。有源标签自身携带电池，并利用该电池作为能源进行计算和信息传输。然而，当标签电池耗尽时，工作人员需要对其及时更换。为成千上万的标签频繁更换电池是一项十分耗时耗力的过程，因此，有源标签的能耗性也是信息采集协议研究中一个至关重要的因素。本课题将以RFID系统自身特性为出发点，紧紧围绕RFID系统中信息采集问题的建模和实现机理这两个科学问题，设计以低能耗、高传输效率为优化目标的信息采集协议，使其应用于大规模物品管理系统当中，并在相关的测试环境中进行验证，最终推动RFID技术在物流管理领域中的应用。

中文关键词： 无线射频识别技术；信息采集

英文摘要： The radio-frequency identification (RFID) technology has been widely used in various commercial applications, including inventory control, object tracking, and supply chain management. Hundreds of millions of RFID tags (each storing a unique ID) have been attached to goods at warehouses, merchandise at retail stores, or equipment at hospitals, allowing an authenticated RFID reader to quickly access the properties of each individual item or collect the statistical information about a large group of items. The research in new RFID technologies has gained significant advance in recent years. Much prior work concentrates on the tag-collection problem, which is to collect the IDs of a large number of tags as quickly as possible. We observe that, for a RFID reader to access tags in a large area, active tags are likely to be used due to their longer operational ranges. These tags are battery-powered and use their own energy for information transmission. However, recharging batteries for tens of thousands of tags is laborious. Hence, conserving energy for active tags becomes critical. Based on the strengths and limitations of the RFID technology, this proposal focuses on two specific issues in the RFID information collection problem: model building and protocol designing, it aims to develop efficient protocols with low energy cost for large-scale RFID systems. The efficiency of the new protocols will be examined by extensive simulations as well as experiments and the final goal is to largely improve the RFID technology in various commercial applications.

英文关键词： RFID;Information Collection