大气细颗粒物微量有害元素和持久性有机污染物的吸入生物可给性方法优化及其吸入生物可给性研究

项目名称： 大气细颗粒物微量有害元素和持久性有机污染物的吸入生物可给性方法优化及其吸入生物可给性研究

项目编号： No.91543129

项目类型： 重大研究计划

立项/批准年度： 2016

项目学科： 地质学

项目作者： 胡忻

作者单位： 南京大学

项目金额： 74万元

中文摘要： 大气颗粒物中生物有效态污染物的研究可以揭示大气细颗粒物吸入暴露的毒性组分来源，然而目前吸入生物有效性研究方法存在着忽视采样膜性质对提取影响、没有研究有机污染物和缺乏验证等问题。故围绕重大研究计划“典型区域大气细颗粒物的毒性组分及暴露研究方法”的科学问题，针对大气细颗粒物中微量有害元素和典型POPs污染物的生物可给性的问题开展本课题研究。在系统分析不同理化性质的采样膜和模拟大气颗粒物对大气颗粒物污染物吸入生物可给性影响的基础上，通过大鼠活体吸入暴露实验和吸入生物可给性离体实验结果比较，构建大气颗粒物中污染物的吸入生物可给性离体方法，进而评估典型大气颗粒物中微量有害元素和持久性有机污染物的吸入生物可给性、识别吸入生物可给态污染物的来源。分析大气细颗粒物吸入暴露毒性有效组分，为评估我国大气颗粒物污染健康风险提供科学参考，也为不同实验室间大气细颗粒物样品提取物遗传毒性研究提供统一的验证的提取技术。

中文关键词： 重金属；持久性有机污染物；大气颗粒物；吸入生物可给性；化学模拟

英文摘要： The investigations on the bioavailable contaminants in the atmospheric particulate matters, which can be absorbed by human organs, may reveal the toxic components during the inhalation exposure of atmospheric fine particulate matters. However, some problems on the in vitro bioaccessibility methods are still unclear, for example, effects of sampling membranes with different physicochemical properties on extraction performance, inapplicability to organic pollutants, and lack of validation. Therefore, according to the scientific problems of “Toxic components of the typical regional atmospheric fine particulate matters and methods for exposure research” in the national key research plan, the present study aims at in vitro inhalation bioaccessibility of the trace toxic elements and the typical POPs pollutants in the atmospheric fine particulate matters. Based on the investigations on effects of sampling membranes with different physicochemical properties on extraction performance, concentrations of the trace toxic elements and the typical POPs pollutants in rats’ organs were compared with them extracted using inhalation bioaccessibility methods to set up an effective in vitro inhalation bioaccessibility method. The inhalation bioaccessibility of the trace toxic elements and the typical POPs pollutants in typical atmospheric particulate matters was obtained using the newly established in vitro inhalation bioaccessibility method. The sources of bioaccessible trace toxic elements and the typical POPs pollutants were identified. This study will provide scientific reference for the study of exposure to toxic components in atmospheric particulate matters and for the assessment of the health risks from toxic components in the atmospheric particulate matters. It may also provide a unified and validated extraction agent for the interlaboratory study of the genetic toxicity posed by toxic components from atmospheric particulate matters.

英文关键词： Heavy metals;Persistent organic pollutants;Atmospheric particulate matters;Inhalation bioaccessibility;Chemical simulation