川滇黔成矿区碳酸盐岩影像图形特征变异研究

项目名称： 川滇黔成矿区碳酸盐岩影像图形特征变异研究

项目编号： No.41202239

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 天文学、地球科学

项目作者： 王瑞雪

作者单位： 昆明理工大学

项目金额： 25万元

中文摘要： 滇川黔成矿区铅锌银矿床的赋矿地层为碳酸盐岩，容矿空间为背斜转折端、岩层挠曲等特殊的构造部位。不同构造部位的碳酸盐岩形成的微地貌、水系等存在差异，在遥感影像上显示为光谱特征和图形特征变异现象。由于地形、植被等因素影响，加之该类矿床围岩蚀变与围岩成分接近等原因，在该区进行光谱特征试验效果不佳。碳酸盐岩的图形特征受环境影响较小，且能从中提取构造、岩层产状等地质信息，但目前还不能进行自动解译。时效性要求不高的地质工作中可采用目视解译方法提取，但目前缺乏详细的解译标志。本项目将选择已知大中型铅锌银矿床5例左右，利用ETM、ASTER、雷达和高分辨率数据，在"3S"技术平台支持下，用目视解译的方法提取各种含矿构造的含矿地段、近矿地段和远离矿体地段的碳酸盐岩的图形特征（微地貌、水系、纹理等），结合野外地质检查，探讨含矿与非矿碳酸盐岩的图形特征变异规律，建立滇川黔成矿区不同构造部位碳酸盐岩解译标志图谱。

中文关键词： 遥感；空间分辨率；线-环结构；环块构造；岩性组合

英文摘要： William Morris Davis (1899) presented a theory in which "all the varied forms of the lands are dependent upon-or, as the mathematician would say, are functions of three variable quantities, which may be called structure, process, and time" Therefore, in one region where the same lithology exposed at surface, under the same environment conditions and in the same weathering processes, if the drainage pattern, microrelief, vegetation and soil changed, it is most because of some geologic features of the rock changed, such as structure position, stratum attitude, outcrop area, bed thickness and so on. For example, the famous Guilin peak-forest karst is formed only at the plunging crown of a N-S anticline, and cliffs of displacement are well developed in close-jointed limestone. Remote sensing images represent in microcosm of the landscape, broad lithological information is deduced from a number of parameters observed in remote sensing images, viz. general geologic setting, weathering and landform, drainage, structural features, soil, vegetation, and spectral characteristics. Carbonatite, wide exposed in Dian-Chuan-Qian metallogenic region, is the host strtum of Pb-Zn-Ag deposits, but only some special structure position could be the ore-holding space, e.g. the crest of anticline. Variation of image characters of carb

英文关键词： remote sensing；spatial resolution；line structure；ring structure；lithological association