城市快速路多瓶颈点阻塞判别及演化机理研究

项目名称： 城市快速路多瓶颈点阻塞判别及演化机理研究

项目编号： No.51278362

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 建筑科学

项目作者： 孙剑

作者单位： 同济大学

项目金额： 80万元

中文摘要： 快速路是大都市交通的主骨架，瓶颈点则是其咽喉。考察我国快速路堵塞现象，多瓶颈点相互作用是关键因素。而以往研究多专注于单瓶颈点交通流宏观解析模型构筑，鲜见从单瓶颈点到关联瓶颈区的整合分析,且缺乏对微观驾驶行为的内因分析。连续数据环境和实验手段的发展为本研究提供了一种全新的思路和方法。课题拟从宏观和微观两个层面入手，首先运用检测数据分析单瓶颈点失效、多瓶颈点关联阻塞及演化的宏观交通特征；然后利用"多车协作驾驶实验平台"和"实车自然驾驶系统"，设计瓶颈区驾驶行为受控实验和全息数据采集方案，获取微观驾驶行为数据，应用三维时空轨迹法解析驾驶行为及人的因素对多瓶颈点交通流阻塞演化的影响；最后整合宏、微观分析成果，构建瓶颈区临界交通流仿真模型并进行实证分析。研究成果将系统揭示快速路交通阻塞与多瓶颈点关联性、交通管控措施以及驾驶行为之间的有机关系，为快速路设计、失效预防、综合改善等提供理论基础和技术支撑。

中文关键词： 城市快速路；瓶颈点；驾驶行为；交通流模型；交通失效

英文摘要： Urban Expressway is the main backbone of the metropolitan traffic system and the bottleneck is the throat of the facilities. Frome the filed survey we can see that the interactions of the multi-bottlenecks is the critical factor for the urban expressway traffci jam. The traditional researches mostly focus on the establishing of the macroscopic traffic flow dynamics at single bottleneck and are lack of the integrated analysis from the individual to connected bottlenecks; meanwhile, few of them consider the microscopic driver behaviors and human factors inside the model expressions. The continuous data supplying and experimental tools give us a novel idea and methods for this topic. This project will begin both from the macroscopic and microscopic level. Firstly, the breakdown of the bottleneck, the congestion formation and evolvement mechanism of the connected bottlenecks will be analysis using the detected data from the macroscopic perspectives. Secondly, the controlled experiment and the holographic data collection plan will be designed, and the microscopic driver behaviors will be captured using the multi-driving simulators and vehicle naturalistic driving experiments. The impact of driver behaviors and human factors will be quantitative analysis using the three-dimensional trajectory tracking system. Finally,

英文关键词： Urban expressway；bottleneck；driving behavior；traffic models；breakdown