冲击荷载作用下的岩石动态响应与能耗规律研究

项目名称： 冲击荷载作用下的岩石动态响应与能耗规律研究

项目编号： No.51474123

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 矿业工程

项目作者： 郭连军

作者单位： 辽宁科技大学

项目金额： 82万元

中文摘要： 对于硬岩开挖及破碎，研究炸药与岩石有效匹配具有重要的科学意义。本课题利用冲击试验模拟爆破过程来研究岩石在冲击荷载作用下的动态响应、微观损伤特征，以及炸药能量不同输出结构下的冲击破碎作用机理。在进行理论分析与模型试验基础上，提出统一的岩石与炸药匹配描述指标体系，利用经验模态分解方法对岩石应力、应变信号进行精确分析，获取岩石初始损伤、冲击破碎程度与能量传递之间的关系，确定岩石性质与输入能特性间最佳匹配关系，进而调整能量输出结构，获得特定岩石最佳的破碎效果。利用实验数据及理论研究构建仿真模型，对岩石破碎过程进行数值仿真研究，结合损伤模型、能量耗散模型及炸药能时密度与岩石动态应变关系，研究炸药有效能耗基础上的岩石破碎及微观损伤机理。建立岩石动态损伤本构关系，阐述岩石在爆破作用下变形破坏过程中能量耗散的机制，建立破碎块度、损伤变量与炸药能时密度和岩石动态应变率关系模型，丰富岩石破碎学基础理论。

中文关键词： 冲击荷载；破碎与损伤；能时密度；能耗；动态响应

英文摘要： For hard rock mass excavation andc rushing,it has important scientific significance that research of the coupling mechanism between rock dynamic response and explosive energy output.By simulating blast process using shock test,the rock's dynamic response, microscopic damage characteristics , as well as the crushing mechanism with different energy output structure are studied under impact load.On the bases of theoretical analysis and experimental test,we propose a unified index system which describing rocks and explosives match .The empirical mode decomposition method are used for accurate analysis the signals of rock stress and strain to get the relationship amonge the initial damage , fragmentation and energy transfer,to determine the best matching relationship between rock properties and performance characteristics of the input energy,and then, to obtain the best crushing effect for particular rock with adjusted energy output structure . The experimental data and theoretical studies are used to build simulation models and the numerical simulation studty of rock blasting and crushing process are carried out.On the basis of analysis on the effective energy consumption, rocks fragmentaion and micro damage mechanism are discussed detail combined with the injury model,the energy dissipative model and the relationship of explosive energy density per uint time with rock dynamic strain.Rock dynamic damage constitutive equations and the statistics model including the elements of fragmentation,damage variable,energy density per unit time and rocks dynamic strain rate will be established,and the mechanism of energy disspation in the process of rocks deformation and broken under impact load will be further understood.Meanwhile,the study will enrich rock fragmentation theory.

英文关键词： shock load;fragmentation and damage;energy density per unit time;energy consumption;dynamic response