桃EST-SSR标记开发及其在蔷薇科其他果树中通用性的研究

项目名称： 桃EST-SSR标记开发及其在蔷薇科其他果树中通用性的研究

项目编号： No.31201590

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 植物保护学、园艺学与植物营养学

项目作者： 谭彬

作者单位： 河南农业大学

项目金额： 22万元

中文摘要： EST-SSR标记作为一种新型的SSR标记，不仅具有传统基因组SSR标记的特点，而且以其开发过程简单、成本低廉及在物种间通用性较高等优势已在多种果树中得到开发和应用。桃作为多年生木本果树进行分子遗传研究的模式植物，其分子遗传研究进展较快，但关于桃EST-SSR引物在蔷薇科中通用性的研究却鲜有报道。本研究拟利用公共网络数据库中丰富的ESTs数据进行桃EST-SSR标记的开发和分析，并将经过真实性验证的具有多态性的EST-SSR引物应用于桃种质资源亲缘关系分析，具有多态性的桃EST-SSR标记的开发为进一步的桃遗传多样性分析、遗传图谱构建、分子标记辅助育种、重要基因定位提供有效标记；此外，根据不同物种间EST-SSR引物具有通用性，将已开发的桃EST-SSR标记应用于蔷薇科不同种属其他果树，检测其在其他果树的通用性，从而为蔷薇科其他果树分子标记开发和不同物种间比较作图及同源基因发掘提供新途径。

中文关键词： 桃；EST-SSR；多态性；蔷薇科；通用性

英文摘要： EST-SSR as a new kind of molecular marker has been developed and used in many fruit trees because it has several advantages over genomic-derived SSRs, such as easy and inexpensive to develop, high transferability, besides possessing the features of the latter one. Although the molecular and genetic research of peach as a model of perennial woody fruit crops has been made more progress, little attention has been paid to the potential transferability of peach EST-SSRs to other Rosaceae relatives. In this study, we intend to develop and analysis of peach EST-SSRs from network databases with abundant ESTs. EST-SSRs of peach which authenticity and polymorphism were identified were used to analysis of phylogenetic relationship with germplasm resources. The development of peach EST-SSRs was to provide effective molecular markers for genetic diversity analysis, genetic linkage map construction, molecular marker assisted breeding and gene location of peach. Meanwhile, the transferability of peach EST-SSRs was investigated in 45 individual members of the Rosaceae family representing four genera. Some of the EST-SSRs proved transferable to other species in the Rosaceae providing additional markers for comparative mapping, development of molecular markers and discovery of homologous gene among the Rosaceae family.

英文关键词： peach；EST-SSR；polymorphism；Rosaceae；Transferability