以皮胶原纤维为模板制备碳/过渡金属氧化物核壳型纳米纤维束高性能锂离子电池负极材料

项目名称： 以皮胶原纤维为模板制备碳/过渡金属氧化物核壳型纳米纤维束高性能锂离子电池负极材料

项目编号： No.51507107

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2016

项目学科： 电工技术

项目作者： 黄鑫

作者单位： 四川大学

项目金额： 21万元

中文摘要： 过渡金属氧化物的理论储锂容量大，是制备高性能锂离子电池理想的负极材料。然而，过渡金属氧化物的电导率和离子传导性较差，且充/放电过程中体积变化显著，因而其倍率性能和循环稳定性较差。为解决上述问题，本申请项目拟以皮胶原纤维这类具有规整3维纳米结构的天然生物质为模板，制备碳/过渡金属氧化物核壳型纳米纤维束负极材料。项目的主要研究内容包括：（1）皮胶原纤维预处理对电极材料的纳米纤维束形貌、金属氧化物壳层厚度、比表面积及孔隙率的影响；（2）热处理条件对过渡金属氧化物结晶度和碳纳米纤维束品质的影响；（3）电极材料的纳米结构对其充-放电容量、循环稳定性、倍率性能等的影响，并揭示其结构与性能间的构效关系。本项目的实施有望制备出充-放电容量大、循环稳定性好和倍率性能优良的高性能锂离子电池负极材料，同时也为皮胶原纤维的资源化利用拓展新的应用领域。

中文关键词： 锂离子电池负极材料；过渡金属氧化物；电化学性能；皮胶原纤维；核壳型纳米纤维束

英文摘要： Transition metal oxides featured with high theatrical Li-ion storage are ideal candidates for the anode materials of high-performances Li-ion batteries. However, transition metal oxides usually have poor electrical and ionic conductivity, as well as huge volumeric changes during the charge-discharge process. As a result, these anode materials usually suffer from poor rate capability and cycling instability. To address the above issues, skin collagen fiber, a natural biomass with well-defined 3 dimensional (3D) nanostrucutre, will be used as biotemplate to prepare the anode material of carbon/transition metal oxides core shell composite nanofiber bundle. The main contents investigated in this project include: (1) The influences of pretreatment to skin collagen fiber on the formation of nanofiber bundle morphology, the shell thickness of transition metal oxide layer, the specific surface area and the porosity; (2)The effects of thermal treatment to the crystallinity of transition metal oxide and the quality of carbon nanofiber bundle; (3) The dependent relationships between the nanostructure of anode materials and their battery performances, including charge-discharge capacity, cycling stability and rate capability. In summary, the implementation of the present project is feasible to develop high-performances anode materials with large charge-discharge capacity, high cycling stability and good rate capablity, which may also explore a new field for the resource utilization of skin collagen fiber.

英文关键词： anode materials of Li-ion battery;transition metal oxide;electrochemical performances;skin collagen fiber;core shell nanofiber bundles