芳香硝基化合物偶联新型光催化体系的研究

项目名称： 芳香硝基化合物偶联新型光催化体系的研究

项目编号： No.21473232

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 有机化学

项目作者： 郭向云

作者单位： 中国科学院山西煤炭化学研究所

项目金额： 80万元

中文摘要： 芳香硝基化合物的偶联反应广泛用于制备偶氮染料，其中硝基苯偶联形成偶氮苯是此类反应的代表。目前，工业上主要用锌或其它过渡金属在碱性条件下还原硝基苯合成偶氮苯。这一过程不仅消耗化学计量比的过渡金属，而且产生大量的碱性金属废液，造成严重的环境污染。用多相催化过程代替上述非催化过程，可避免过渡金属的大量消耗，减少污染物排放，具有重要的现实意义。本项目拟研究石墨烯负载的铜及其合金纳米颗粒对硝基化合物偶联的光催化性能。通过理论计算和实验研究，探讨石墨烯稳定金属纳米颗粒的物理化学本质，建立石墨烯上官能团种类和分布与金属纳米颗粒分散性之间的联系，研究表面等离子体共振频率或强度与合金组成和颗粒尺寸之间的关系，以及合金组成与颗粒尺寸对光催化硝基苯偶联反应活性的影响。本项目研究有望为偶氮类化合物制备和生产提供一种绿色无污染的新方法。

中文关键词： 可见光催化；石墨烯；纳米复合材料；硝基化合物偶联

英文摘要： The coupling reactions of nitroaromatic compounds are widely employed to synthesize aromatic azo dyes, and the reduction coupling of nitrobenzene to azobenzene is the representative of these reactions. In industry, azobenzene is currently synthesized from nitrobenzene reduction by transtion metals, such as Zn. This process not only consumes stoichiometric metals, but also produces a large amount of basic metal wastewater and thus results in serious environment pollution. In stead of the above stoichiometric reactions, heterogeneously catalytic processes will avoid the consumption of vast metals and reduce the emission of wastewater, and therefore be of great significance. This project will study the photocatalytic performance of graphene-supported copper and its alloy nanoparticles for the coupling reactions of nitroaromatics to corresponding azo compounds. By theoretical calculation and experimental investigation, we will analysize the fundamental reason that graphene stablizes metal nanoparticles, study the relation between the dispersion of metal nanoparticles and the functional groups on graphene sheets,elucidate the connection of the frequency and intensity of surface plasmon resonance to alloy composition and particle size, and clarify the influences of the alloy composition and particle size on the photocatalytic activity. The present studies are expected to provide a green and pullution-free route for the production of azo compounds.

英文关键词： photocatalysis by visible light;graphene;nanocomposites;coupling of nitroaromatics