中国卷叶蛛科的修订与系统发育研究

项目名称： 中国卷叶蛛科的修订与系统发育研究

项目编号： No.31071899

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2011

项目学科： 生物科学

项目作者： 张志升

作者单位： 西南大学

项目金额： 8万元

中文摘要： 卷叶蛛科蜘蛛个体小、数量大，是蜘蛛由地下向地上空间发展的重要中间过渡类群，也是蜘蛛目中包括完整筛器类、分隔筛器类和无筛器类的唯一的科。但几十年来对于这一类群的系统学研究明显滞后于其它类群。我们在已有分类工作基础上，采用目前最为先进的体视显微镜进行传统形态分类，结合显微摄影技术，在借阅和查阅已知标本的基础上，结合重点种类野外调查，开展对中国卷叶蛛科的修订性研究。将中国的卷叶蛛由研究前的37种增加至59种(另有4种为疑问种)，并对其中的31已知种类进行了订正，共提出了6个新组合、2个新异名、2个雄性新发现、2个错误鉴定和1个中国新记录种；同时发现了31新种，并订立了3个新属。探讨了中国卷叶蛛各属种的分布情况、各属的亚科级归属及各亚科的分类特征与生物学，为进行更大范围、更多种类的修订和系统发育研究，乃至为卷叶蛛科的科级界定、卷叶蛛总科系统发育、复杂生殖器类蜘蛛和整个蜘蛛目的系统演化以及蜘蛛的生物地理学研究提供必要的基础资料。

中文关键词： 蜘蛛目；卷叶蛛科；修订；中国

英文摘要： The spider family Dictynidae, with small body and a great deal of numbers, is an important group during the evolution of spiders from the underground habitat to the air. And it is the only family with whole cribellum, devided cribellum and absence of cribellum. But the systematic research of this group is definitely outdated during the past several dozen years. In this study, We revised Chinese dictynid genera and species based on the examination of nearly all type materials and a lot of loaned or collected specimens using the most advanced stereo microscope (Leica M205C) for the traditional taxonomical research, together with photomicrography. After our study, the number of Chinese Dictynidae increased from 12 genera and 37 species to 13 genera and 59 species (4 species and 2 genera excluded). There are 31 known species been revised based on available specimens. Six new combinations, two new synonyms, two males new to science, two misidentifications and one newly record to China are proposed, together with newly discovered 31 new species and 3 new genera. we also discussed the distribution,subfamilies' affiliation, diagnosis and biology of Chinese dictynid genera and species. They are fundamental data for the research of the phylogenic relationships, the whole taxonomical revision, the phylogenic relationships and the relimitation of Dictynidae worldwide, the phylogenics of Dictynoidea, Entelegynae and Araneae, and the biogeography research of spiders.

英文关键词： Araneae; Dictynidae; revision; China