直升机载FMCW-ROSAR复杂低空环境感知理论与方法研究

项目名称： 直升机载FMCW-ROSAR复杂低空环境感知理论与方法研究

项目编号： No.61501068

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2016

项目学科： 无线电电子学、电信技术

项目作者： 李东

作者单位： 重庆大学

项目金额： 17万元

中文摘要： 结合调频连续波技术的直升机载旋转式合成孔径雷达，即能够在直升机平台不做任何运动情况下获取载机平台前方区域图像，又具有调频连续波体制体积小、重量轻、造价低的优势，使其在直升机防撞与武装直升机战场感知领域具有重要的应用价值；并随着我国低空空域的开放，必将引起广泛关注。本项目主要研究直升机载调频连续波旋转式合成孔径雷达获取复杂低空威胁物信息的理论和方法。首先，为有效利用系统空时频资源，研究适合于直升机载平台的成像几何构型及系统参数优化设计。然后，针对复杂低空直升机平台稳定性差、对成像实时性要求高、三维成像存在数据量和运算量大等问题，研究结合运动补偿的二维和三维高分实时成像算法。最后，针对复杂低空杂波非平稳问题，研究独立同分布样本获取方法，探索利用高度向信息和联合多统计特征等新途径来提升低空动目标检测性能。本项目的研究内容对于提升我国民用直升机防撞能力和军用直升机战场感知能力具有重要意义。

中文关键词： 直升机防撞；复杂低空威胁物探测；旋转式合成孔径雷达；三维成像；动目标检测

英文摘要： Frequency Modulated Continuous Waveform technology (FMCW) based Rotating Synthesis Aperture Radar (ROSAR) is the research interest since it can obtain the image of the front section of the helicopter without platform moving and present the merits of light weight, low cost and small scale because of FMCW technique used. FMCW-ROSAR also has important applications in collision avoidance and military combat, and with the low space development of our airspace, its research will attract more attention. This project aims to study the theories and methods of obtaining threat objects from low airspace. Therefore, we will study how to better configure the platform and to optimize the relevant parameters in order to utilize the space-time resources efficiently first. And then, under complex low airspace environment, to overcome issues like low stability, real-time imaging and three-dimensional (3-D) large scale data requirement from Helicopter-borne FMCW-ROSAR, we will study how to utilize movement compensations to obtain high-resolution, real-time, 3-D images. Finally, as to the non-stationary problem of low airspace clutter, we attempt to utilize independent and identically distributed sampling technique and we will explore the opportunity of using the information from altitude, joint multi-statistical characteristics and other means to improve the performance of the moving target detection. We hope that our research can contribute to the applications of the civil helicopter collision avoidance and military combat environment sensing ability.

英文关键词： Helicopter Collision Avoidance;Complex Low Altitude Threats Detection;Rotating Synthesis Aperture Radar;Three-dimensional Imaging;Moving Targets Detection