离子液体非水溶致液晶的构建及萃取分离性能研究

项目名称： 离子液体非水溶致液晶的构建及萃取分离性能研究

项目编号： No.21476192

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 有机化学

项目作者： 邢华斌

作者单位： 浙江大学

项目金额： 90万元

中文摘要： 弱酸性复杂有机分子是一类重要化学品，其高效分离不仅是相关高纯化学品制备的必需途径，也是清洁能源生产和物质转化等过程的重要环节。离子液体是新型弱酸性物质萃取分离介质，其阴离子所固有的负电性使离子液体可通过氢键识别弱酸性基团，分离选择性高。但由于离子液体强静电的本质特征，存在极性强、对有机物亲和性差、萃取容量小等不足，限制其应用。本申请拟向离子液体结构中引入有序自主装结构，设计具有强氢键碱性界面、纳米疏水区域的离子液体非水溶致液晶（Lyotropic liquid crystal, LLC）萃取剂，通过氢键与疏水作用的协同增强对有机分子的亲和能力，克服均相离子液体存在的选择性和容量难以兼顾的不足。为此，拟研究离子液体非水LLC的形成机理、微观结构和物化性质，考察其对弱酸性溶质的萃取分离性能，探讨LLC结构与分离性能之间的关系。课题组在离子液体合成及应用方向已有一定研究基础，已获初步研究成果。

中文关键词： 离子液体；萃取分离；溶致液晶；氢键供体分子

英文摘要： The development of environmentally benign and energy-efficient separation method for the hydrogen-bond (H-bond) donor molecules is vitally important for the production of clean energies and high-purity chemicals. Recently, considerable attention has been paid to ionic liquid (IL)-mediated extractive separation methods because of its reduced environmental impact. It has been widely used in the separation of H-bond donor molecules, such as desulfurization, denitrification, and deacidification of fuel oils and enrichment of biomolecules from edible oils and biodiesels. IL-based extraction processes generally demonstrate enhanced molecular recognition ability and selectivity compared with traditional organic solvent-based processes because of the relatively strong H-bond basicity of the anion of ILs. However, one of key drawback for IL-mediated extraction processes is the relatively low extraction capacity for organic molecules due to the intrinsically strong polarity of ILs resulting from its charged structures, which seriously limits its application. Therefore, there is a great need to design new industrial attractive IL-based extractants with high capacity for H-bond donor solutes. In this proposal, we plan to prepare a class of IL-based non-aqueous lyotropic liquid crystals (LLCs) and use it as novel extranctant for the separation of H-bond donor molecules. It is expected that the IL-based non-aqueous LLCs with self-assembled anisotropic nanostructures will overcome the strong isotropic polarity of common ILs and significantly enhance the molecular recognition ability for H-bond donor solutes, then bring out an high extraction capacity and excellent separation selectivity. The forming mechanism of IL-based non-aqueous LLCs and their nanostructure and physicochemical properties will be investigated by polarized optical microscopy (POM), small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) and solvatochromic method in this project. The extraction performance of IL-based non-aqueous LLC will be evaluated through measuring the distribution coefficients and selectivity of various H-bond solutes in LLC-based biphasic system.

英文关键词： Ionic liquid;Extraction;Lyotropic liquid crystals;Hydrogen-bond donor molecules