极地高分辨率冰厚探测雷达成像与数据处理方法研究

项目名称： 极地高分辨率冰厚探测雷达成像与数据处理方法研究

项目编号： No.41306203

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2014

项目学科： 天文学、地球科学

项目作者： 赵博

作者单位： 中国科学院电子学研究所

项目金额： 25万元

中文摘要： 成像与数据处理是高分辨率冰厚探测雷达进行实际测量应用必不可少的技术手段。为提高雷达成像分辨率，需采用合成孔径技术进行信号处理。冰厚探测雷达为正下视工作模式，且涉及多层媒质中的目标成像处理，针对目前成像方法存在的运算效率低等缺陷，课题组提出了高效率的成像算法。为进一步提高分辨率，需要对雷达平台的运动误差进行补偿，而目前使用的窄波束运动补偿算法忽略了运动误差方位向的空变性，当天线方位向波束较宽时，该空变性对成像质量的影响不能忽略，为此项目组提出了宽波束运动补偿算法。冰厚探测要求雷达的穿透深度为数千米，这样系统噪声就会掩没冰下深处目标的微弱回波信号，因而噪声抑制方法的有效性决定了整个系统的表现。课组提出了基于鲁棒主分量分解-总变分原理和基于总变分split Bregman方法的噪声抑制算法。在此基础上，完成满足大数据量、高效稳健的工程化算法模块。

中文关键词： 冰川厚度探测雷达；成像；数据处理；高分辨率；

英文摘要： Imaging and data processing is the essential technique in the actual measurement application of High-resolution Glacier Penetrating Radar. The data processing methods based on the Synthetic Aperture Technique is adopted in order to enhance the resolution of imaging. Our system is a nadir-looking radar,and elctromagnetic wave in our system has the refraction effect and the propagation velocity changes in different medium interface. We develop the applicable imaging algorithm to settle the defects of the processing method at hand. Furtheromre, we also need to take motion compensation algorithm into consideration for enhancing the resolution. The present narrow beam motion compensation algorithm ignores the azimuth spatial varied of the motion error. The spatial varied has effect on the imaging quality when the antenna azimuth beamwidth is big. Hence, we develop the wide-beam motion compensation algorithm. The High-resolution Glacier Penetrating Radar system of polar ice sheets is able to penetrate thousands of meters. This characteristic leads to the cover of weak echo from the deeper target by system noise. Hence, the means to noise suppression is the most important factor of the system performance. We come up with the algorithm called the combined Robust PCA Approach and Total Variation algorithm, also with the

英文关键词： glacier penetrating radar；imaging；data processing；high resolution；