具有亲油性电解质结构的吸油凝胶制备及性能研究

项目名称： 具有亲油性电解质结构的吸油凝胶制备及性能研究

项目编号： No.51203187

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 有机高分子材料学科

项目作者： 曹杰

作者单位： 中国石油大学（华东）

项目金额： 25万元

中文摘要： 本项目设计和合成系列亲油性季铵阳离子单体和硼酸甘油酯阴离子，通过控制阴阳离子上长链烷基的链长，制备在不同有机溶剂中可以溶解和解离的非配位离子单体；将此单体与丙烯酸酯共聚，合成聚电解质吸油凝胶，这种凝胶有望在弱极性溶剂中达到数百倍的溶胀比。利用吸油凝胶具有聚电解质的性质，通过在溶胀凝胶体系中加入另一种溶剂，改变体系的介电常数，或者加入可解离季铵盐电解质，将凝胶回收并重复利用。同时，本项目通过研究非配位离子的溶解和解离程度、交联密度、溶剂极性、外加可解离季铵盐电解质和温度对吸油凝胶溶胀性能的影响，明确非配位离子的溶解和解离在凝胶溶胀过程中的作用，进一步探讨聚电解质吸油凝胶的溶胀机理，阐明聚电解质吸油凝胶的构效关系，为拓展系列凝胶的分子设计、性能调控和工业应用奠定理论基础。本项目所制备的吸油凝胶，路线简单、性能优良、可重复利用，在浮油回收、废水中有机物分离等领域具有潜在的应用价值。

中文关键词： 吸收材料；无机/有机纳米复合；自修复；聚电解质；重金属离子移除

英文摘要： In this project, a series of noncoordinating ion pairs composed of quaternary ammonium cations and glyceroborate anions will be synthesized. These cations and anions all contain long-chain alkyls of different lengths, so the properties of these ion pairs can be adjusted and they could dissolve and dissociate in different kinds of organic solvent. On this basis, novel polyelectrolyte superabsorbent gels containing these ion pairs will be prepared, which may have excellent swelling property in some weakly polar solvents. Moreover, due to their polyelectrolyte features, desorption and regeneration properties of swollen gels will be studied by the addition of another solvent or dissociative quaternary ammonium electrolyte in the system. Furthermore, the swelling mechanism of these polyelectrolyte superabsorbent gels will be investigated. Sulfur-containing crosslinking agent and contrastive compounds will be prepared in order that effects of solubility and dissociation for ion pairs, crosslinking density, solvent polarity, additional dissociative quaternary ammonium electrolyte and temperature on the swelling properties of superabsorbent gels will be discussed to determine whether the osmotic pressure caused by the dissolving and dissociating of ion pairs plays a key role in the swelling process. After the study on t

英文关键词： absorption materials；inorganic/organic nanocomposite；self-healing；polyelectrolyte；heavy metal ion removal