撒施化肥下畦灌地表-土壤水肥耦合模拟方法研究

项目名称： 撒施化肥下畦灌地表-土壤水肥耦合模拟方法研究

项目编号： No.51209227

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 水利科学与海洋工程学科

项目作者： 章少辉

作者单位： 中国水利水电科学研究院

项目金额： 25万元

中文摘要： 不适宜的畦灌施肥管理是引起我国农业面源污染的主要途径之一，然而目前畦灌施肥系统的评价、设计和管理仍然缺乏相应的技术支撑。本项目拟在以往撒施畦灌地表水肥模拟研究成果的基础上，基于二维非结构空间单元格构建适用于撒施化肥下的畦灌土壤水肥模拟模型。基于此，通过精确区分地表与土壤水肥之间的质量与动量守恒耦合过程，提出具备高精度和效率的畦灌地表-土壤水肥输运扩散耦合方法，构建撒施化肥下畦灌地表-土壤水肥耦合输运扩散模拟模型。基于田间实测数据验证耦合模型的模拟效果，分析探讨不同畦灌施肥技术要素对畦灌撒施施肥系统性能的影响，提出不同畦灌施肥性能评价指标值下各撒施畦灌施肥技术要素的最优组合方案。本研究可为畦灌撒施施肥系统的评价、优化设计和管理提供技术支撑和科学依据，对于改进传统畦灌撒施施肥方式、减轻施肥不当引起的农业面源污染等问题具有重要的理论意义与实用价值。

中文关键词： 全耦合；撒施施肥；无条件稳定；高效率；

英文摘要： Inappropriate management of border irrigation with conventional fertilization is one of the major sources that induce the agricultural non-point source pollution. However there is still lack of relevant technical support for the evaluation, design and management of border irrigation now. This project will firstly construct the soil water-fertilizer transport model based on the unstructured cell which is suitable for conventional fertilization. Then by means of precisely distinguishing the mass and momentum conservation coupling of water-fertilizer between the surface and subsurface, the coupled method of water-fertilizer transport with high accuracy and efficiency between the surface and subsurface will be proposed. At the same time, the coupled surface-subsurface transport model of water-fertilizer for border irrigation with conventional fertilization will be developed. Based on the observed data, the simulation effect of the developed coupled model will be validated. Then the coupled model will used to analyze the impact of technical factors to the performance of border irrigation with conventional fertilization and provide the optimized combination of technical factors under different performance indicator values. This study can provide technical support and scientific basis for the evaluation, design and man

英文关键词： full couple；conventional ferilization；unconditional stability；high efficiency；