腰背肌在退行性脊柱滑脱进展及康复中的生物力学机制

项目名称： 腰背肌在退行性脊柱滑脱进展及康复中的生物力学机制

项目编号： No.31300779

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2014

项目学科： 生物科学

项目作者： 朱睿

作者单位： 同济大学

项目金额： 22万元

中文摘要： 退行性脊柱滑脱是脊柱失稳的一大类，同时也是中老年下腰痛重要病因。腰背肌力学性能的减退是引起退行性脊柱滑脱的重要可能性之一。在临床工作中，针对腰背肌强度的物理治疗是缓解、治疗此疾病常用方案，但是对此的科学解释并不清楚。之所以无法明确的阐述病因以及治疗机制，主要原因是针对腰背部肌肉的生物力学研究难度非常高，标本试验和在体测量都难以获得可靠的数据。数字仿真有限元模拟为此研究提供了另外一种可能，但是亟需解决几个关键问题，比如肌肉力数值的精确计算，符合解剖结构的肌肉力的加载，仿真模型的验证等等。因此，本项目主要针对腰背肌在疾病退行性脊柱滑脱发展和康复中的生物力学机制，通过逆向动态分析软件计算腰背肌肌肉力数值，加载脊柱有限元模型，用数字仿真有限元研究，辅助结合医学影像学资料，明确腰背肌力学性能减退的影响，为临床诊治提供生物力学依据。

中文关键词： 退行性脊柱滑脱；有限元分析；腰背肌；物理治疗；逆向动态分析

英文摘要： Degenerative spondylolisthesis is a broad class of spinal instability and it is also a major cause of low back pain among elder people. The weakness of back muscles is an important possibility which causes degenerative spondylolisthesis. In clinical practices, physical therapies aiming to strengthen back muscles are commonly used to relive and treat this disease. However, the explanations for these treatments are unclear. The pathogen and the therapeutic mechanism cannot be stated clearly, mainly because it is extremely difficult to execute biomechanical investigations focusing on back muscles. Related biomechanical data are hard to acquire in in vivo or in vitro studies. Numerical finite element simulations provide another possibility. However, several important questions have to be solved, such as calculating the magnitudes of back muscle forces precisely, load finite element models anatomically, validating finite element models strictly and so on. Therefore, the aim of this study is to investigate the biomechanical mechanism of back muscles in the developments and rehabilitation of degenerative spondylolisthesis. Back muscle forces are calculated in an inverse dynamic model, and afterwards transferred to a nonlinear spinal finite element model. Combining the finite element simulation and MRI measurements, the

英文关键词： Degenerative spondylolisthesis；Finite element analysis；Back muscle；Exercise therapy；Inverse dynamic analysis