基于无线传感器网络的自来水管道漏水监测定位关键技术研究

项目名称： 基于无线传感器网络的自来水管道漏水监测定位关键技术研究

项目编号： No.61461036

项目类型： 地区科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 无线电电子学、电信技术

项目作者： 铁勇

作者单位： 内蒙古大学

项目金额： 45万元

中文摘要： 自来水管道泄漏是城市水资源浪费的一个重要原因，同时给城市环保也带来了不良影响，因此治理管道漏损已引起高度重视，但要治理漏损，首先要确定漏水点。随着无线传感器网络的快速发展和广泛应用，利用网络资源和高效的通信手段进行流体管网泄漏的监测与定位成为了可能。本课题拟研究基于无线传感器网络的自来水管道漏水监测与定位的关键技术。根据供水管道分布及漏水事件的突发性特征，拟采用改进的TEEN算法进行网络分层管理及簇首选择；运用谱减法提取漏水信号特征信息，采用自适应噪声抵消和时延估计方法得到漏水点定位所需的多节点时延估计值；利用无线传感器网络的节点资源，选取合适的融合算法，通过对多节点时延估计值的融合处理，实现对漏水点的精确定位。本课题的研究成果不仅可用于自来水管道泄漏的监测与定位，还能为其他地下管网流体（如天然气、石油）泄漏的监测与定位提供有价值的理论和技术支持。

中文关键词： 无线传感器网络；漏水监测与定位；谱减法；自适应时延估计；数据融合

英文摘要： The leakage of water supply pipeline has become one of the most important cause of the waste of urban water resources and the pollution of the city.Therefore,it has arised more and more attention. The location of the leakage is the primary work for sovling the problem. With the rapid development and wide application of wireless sensor networks, it is possible to monitor and locate the leakage of liquid pipeline network by using network resources and effective communication technology. This project intends to study the key techniques of monitoring and locating water supply pipeline leakage based on wireless sensor networks. According to the distribution information of water supply pipeline and the abruptness features of the leakage, we intend to use improved TEEN algorithm to select hierarchical management structure and cluster-head for wireless sensor networks. Then the frequency feature of the leak signal is obtained by applying spectral subtraction. Furthermore, the time delay between different sensors which is used to locate the leakage is estimated by adaptive noise cancellation and adaptive time delay estimation algorithms. Finally, by making full use of the node resources of wireless sensor network and merging the multiple time delay with fusion algorithm, the accurate location of the leakage is achieved. The research results can not only be used for monitoring and locating the water supply pipeline leakage, but also providing valuable theoretical and technical support for monitoring and locating other leakage of liquid (such as natural gas, oil) in the underground pipe network.

英文关键词： Wireless Sensor Network;Leak monitoring and location;Spectral subtraction;Adaptive time delay estimation;Data fusion