多功能负载型催化剂活性中心的组装和功能优化

项目名称： 多功能负载型催化剂活性中心的组装和功能优化

项目编号： No.21273198

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 数理科学和化学

项目作者： 侯昭胤

作者单位： 浙江大学

项目金额： 82万元

中文摘要： 用于复杂反应、具有多功能、多类活性中心的固体催化剂的制备和功能优化在化学、材料等领域都具有重要的意义和应用前景，是该领域的研究热点和前沿。本项目拟通过自组装技术制备系列具有加氢(脱氢)、脱水(水合)等多类活性中心共存的负载型催化剂；揭示组装过程中不同活性中心间相互作用的本质和协同规律，在原子水平上实现对多功能固体催化剂自组装过程的调控，并根据目标反应的特点设计制备系列具有复合功能的催化剂；考察这些催化剂在甘油转化中的活性、作用规律和不同活性中心间的协同机理。项目以催化剂表面多类活性中心间的协同规律研究为指导、以原位及动态表征技术为支撑，通过在催化剂表面组装可以协同催化目标反应的多类活性中心，建立多层次、多组份的可控自组装新方法，发展功能导向的自组装新体系和新技术；研究多类活性中心在催化剂表面上可控组装的过程及调控规律、以及这些具有多类活性中心的催化剂在新能源利用和复杂化学反应中的作用规律。

中文关键词： 催化剂；活性中心；组装；构效关系；甘油

英文摘要： A multi-functional solid catalyst is the ideal alternate of the mixed "metal + NaOH" and "metal + acid" for the selective oxidation of alcohols (especially those polyols). And the preparation and characterization of these solid catalysts with several kinds of active centers (such as acid/base, metal/alloy nanoparticles, hydrogen spillover etc.) is a hard work in catalysis, materials and surface science. Designing efficient solid-state catalysts would be easier if we knew which parts of them do what (Nature 439, 548 (2 February 2006)), but the main challenge is how to assembly different kinds of active centers at the atomic scale onto one solid support, and how to map the difference of these active centers before and after cooperated with others. The main objective of this project is to design, synthesize and characterize several types of multifunctional solid catalysts with the active centers such as dehydration (hydrolysis) and hydrogenation (dehydrogenation) via self-assembly method. And the performance of these catalysts will be investigated and compared in detail in the selective oxidation and hydrogenolysis of glycerol. The properties of these active centers such as acid/base strength, the metal/alloy particle size/crystal structure and their optimized composition will be characterized and discussed with th

英文关键词： catalyst；active sites；preparation；structure-perfor；glycerol