项目名称: 钯催化的氟化和三氟甲基化反应机理的理论研究
项目编号: No.21202062
项目类型: 青年科学基金项目
立项/批准年度: 2013
项目学科: 有机化学
项目作者: 张松林
作者单位: 江南大学
项目金额: 25万元
中文摘要: 含氟有机物用途及其广泛,在药物,农药化学,材料学以及生物学中有重要的应用。过渡金属,特别是钯催化的C-F键和C-CF3键生成反应是及其重要的制备含氟有机物的方法。目前,这些反应仍然面临很多挑战:底物范围狭窄,反应条件苛刻,产率不高等。对于这些反应的机理研究将为进一步发展这些方法提供指导。量子力学计算的手段在这方面可以获得很多实验手段所难以或无法获得的信息,如关键的中间体和过渡态的结构和能量信息,以及整个反应的催化循环能量图和决速步中的电子和配体效应等。所以,本项目拟系统地研究过渡金属特别是钯氟化物和三氟甲基化物的结构和反应性。在此基础上,去研究解决一些重要的过渡金属催化的C-F键和C-CF3键生成反应中的机理问题,如反应路径的获得,反应的决速步的确定,决速步中的电子效应和配体对催化循环的影响等。这些研究对于我们深刻理解和进一步发展过渡金属催化的氟化和三氟甲基化反应具有重要价值。
中文关键词: 三氟甲基化;氟化;机理;结构;反应性
英文摘要: Organofluorine compounds have been widely used in pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, materials and biology. Transition metal, especially palladium-catalyzed C-F and C-CF3 bond formation reacions are among the efficient routes for the prepartion of organofluorine compounds and have achieved great progress in recent years. However, these reactions face great challenges. The relatively low yields, narrow substrate scope and harsh reaction conditions encountered with these reactions have prevented their further developments and widespread applications. Mechanistic studies can provide essential information that is valueable for the improvement of these reactions. In this respect, quantum mechanical calculations can provide information that may otherwise be impossible or difficult to obtain by experimental means, for example, the structures and energetics of many critical intermediates and transition states,the reaction coordinates of a whole catalytic cycle, the determination of the rate-limiting step and the electronic and ligand effects for the catalytic cycle. Therefore, in this project we will systematically study the structures (including both geometries and electronic structures) and reactivities of transition metal fluorides and trifluoromethyls, for example, reductive elimination of some key Pd(II) and Pd(IV) fl
英文关键词: trifluoromethylation;fluorination;mechanism;structure;reactivity