潜器用燃料电池重力辅助排水机制的理论分析与实验研究

项目名称： 潜器用燃料电池重力辅助排水机制的理论分析与实验研究

项目编号： No.51476119

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 能源与动力工程

项目作者： 涂正凯

作者单位： 武汉理工大学

项目金额： 83万元

中文摘要： 质子交换膜燃料电池因其效率高、噪音低、红外小等特点，被公认为是优秀的水下潜航器的动力源。为提高燃料利用率与续航里程，降低氢气与氧气的排放，潜器用燃料电池需闭口运行，此时电池易形成水淹，导致电池性能急剧下降，甚至反极，引发爆炸危险。本项目在对现有燃料电池水管理技术的优缺点进行全面比较分析的基础上，提出重力辅助排水方案，利用液态水的重力来克服其粘滞力，实现电池内部液态水的自脱离，达到电池高效、安全、稳定运行的目标。其中，重点研究多孔膜电极内部的水气两相传输特性、膜电极的表面材料结构以及流道的几何参数等对电池自排水性能的影响，为闭口氢氧燃料电池系统的优化设计提供理论指导和实验依据。本项目的完成对潜器用燃料电池水管理的理论和技术的发展具有重要意义。

中文关键词： 强化传热；多孔介质；燃料电池；水管理；重力

英文摘要： The Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell(PEMFC) is selected as priority-ranked power source in underwater vehicle, due to its high efficiency, low operation noise and low infrared emmision. The used PEMFC in underwater vehicle need to be operated in the dead-ended model for the enhancement of fuel utilization and navigation mileage. However,flooding will occur inside PEMFC,causing serious performance degradation,cell polarity reversal, and even explosion. Compared with other water management technologies in current literatures, gravity assisted water removal method is developed in this proposal for the water management to realize the effective, safe and stable operation of PEMFC in underwater vehicle. We pay special attention to the two phase flow characteristics in the porous membrane electrode assembly(MEA),as well as the effect of the material structure in the gas diffusion layer surface and the parameters of the flow channel on the self-water removal performance. The conclusions deduced in this project could provide theoretical guidance and experimental evidence for the optimization design of the dead-ended PEMFC. Moreover, the application of our project would be of great significance for the development of the water management theory and technology of the used PEMFC in underwater vehicle.

英文关键词： Enhanced Heat Transfer;Porous Medium;Fuel Cell;Water Management;Gravity