高折射水凝胶纳米复合材料的制备及其在人工角膜植入上的应用

项目名称： 高折射水凝胶纳米复合材料的制备及其在人工角膜植入上的应用

项目编号： No.51303047

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2014

项目学科： 一般工业技术

项目作者： 张全元

作者单位： 湖北大学

项目金额： 25万元

中文摘要： 近视、远视或其他与角膜相关的屈光不正是眼科的常见病，中国的近视人数有4亿，居世界首位。目前为止，准分子激光手术（LASIK）是最常见的屈光矫正手术，但LASIK手术会不可逆地对角膜瓣进行屈光性切削，因此，从长远的视力变化来看，采用高分子人工角膜植入材料，来代替LASIK手术，无疑是一种更好的选择。本项目拟结合高分子科学和纳米科学，开发一种新型的水凝胶纳米复合材料，主要以高折射的聚硫氨酯为基体，掺杂不同含量的无机纳米颗粒，制备一系列具有高折射率且折射率可调的水凝胶纳米复合材料。研究聚合物结构对材料性能的影响，探讨纳米颗粒含量与复合材料物理化学性能及生物表征之间关系的基本规律，尝试从理论角度对复合材料的设计合成进行诠释，以期实现复合材料的可控合成。本项目的成功实施将为人工角膜植入材料的设计、制备及其在眼科材料上的真正应用提供一定的理论支持和实际指导，无疑具有重要的科学意义和医学应用价值。

中文关键词： 人工角膜；水凝胶；高折射；聚硫胺酯；复合材料

英文摘要： Myopia, hyperopia and other forms of cornea-related refractive errors represent the commonest cause of visual disability today. An estimated 10 million people around the world suffer from vision loss due to corneal disease or damage, and China has 400 billion people myopia, ranking first in the world. Up-to-date, the most common medical treatment for vision correction is laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) surgery through irreversible reshaping of the cornea by laser energy. The use of polymer-based artificial cornea implants is relatively obvious as the preferred method for creating a successful long-term refractive change of the cornea either for myopia or hyperopia. The ability to specify an accurate refractive change would increase and the most importantly the procedure is additive and reversible, not removing tissue. Hydrogels are crosslinked hydrophilic polymers that incorporate large quantities of water and take on physical characteristics similar to soft tissue. They represent an important class of biomaterials for a variety of medical applications (including tissue engineering) because of their excellent biocompatibility and high permeability to oxygen, nutrients, and other water-soluble metabolites. This proposed program will utilize the latest advances in hydrogel and inorganic nanomaterials

英文关键词： artificial cornea；hydrogels；high refractive index；poluthiourethane；nanocomposites