多相厌氧生物反应器的介尺度研究

项目名称： 多相厌氧生物反应器的介尺度研究

项目编号： No.91334112

项目类型： 重大研究计划

立项/批准年度： 2014

项目学科： 建筑科学

项目作者： 吴静

作者单位： 清华大学

项目金额： 75万元

中文摘要： 多相生物反应器是化工、能源和环保领域常见反应器。多相厌氧生物反应器可生产清洁燃料沼气，同时实现有机物稳定化和减量化和资源化。而升流式厌氧反应器是目前数量最多的厌氧反应器，它依赖厌氧颗粒污泥完成产沼气和净化有机物。由于颗粒污泥的厌氧生物反应（原子分子水平）受有机质传质扩散（分子群水平）和流动（宏观统计水平）的影响导致升流式反应器中形成了“颗粒污泥-颗粒污泥群-反应器”的典型介尺度结构和行为。本课题响应指南中科学问题三“建立颗粒尺度上反应-传递-流动跨尺度关联的理论与调控方法”，以升流式厌氧反应器为对象，探索多相生物反应器的“污泥-污泥群-反应器”时空上流动-传质-反应的关系，包括：识别典型的介尺度结构及其主要影响因素；掌握这个尺度下各层面流场的特征以及主要影响因素的影响机制；掌握流态分布及流态与颗粒污泥反应速率的关系；建立各层面的关联机制，从而找到提高反应器效率的要点和反应器放大的关键。

中文关键词： 多相流；生物反应器；厌氧升流式反应器；介尺度；颗粒污泥

英文摘要： Multiphase bioreactors are widely used in various industries such as chemical engineering, energy and environmental protection etc. The multiphase anaerobic bioreactors generate clean energy biogas (methane: about 60%), and simultaneously stabilize and reduce organic substances. Upflow anaerobic reactors are the largest number of anaerobic reactor and are typical gas (biogas)-liquid (wastewater)-solid (granules, i.e. anaerobic microorganisms) three-phase reactors. The anaerobic granules generate biogas and purify pollutants. Since the anaerobic reaction in granules (at atom and molecular scale) is significantly affected by diffusion of organic substances (at molecular scale) and flow (at macro scale), there exists complicated structure and behavior at meso scale, i.e. “single anaerobic granule- granules -reactor”. From this view, the anaerobic reactor consists of huge number of complex space-time structures between reactor (macro scale) and single granule (micro scale). Flow is key to the meso structure and behavior, while the gas flow is the most important factor of flow. In order to find out the solutions to improve the efficiency of reactors and to scale up the reactors, this project aims at investigating the relation among the flow-mass transfer- reaction in multiphase bio-reactors with upflow anaerobic re

英文关键词： multi-phase flow；bioreactor；upflow anaerobic reactor；meso scale；granule