低空飞行昆虫的超宽带雷达有源无源监测机理研究

项目名称： 低空飞行昆虫的超宽带雷达有源无源监测机理研究

项目编号： No.31260427

项目类型： 地区科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 农业科学

项目作者： 熊新农

作者单位： 江西农业大学

项目金额： 45万元

中文摘要： 昆虫雷达是研究昆虫生态行为的一种重要工具。当前国内外昆虫雷达主要采用扫描雷达或垂直波束雷达监测百米高度以上的昆虫迁飞活动，至于距地面几十米高度以内飞行的昆虫因处在此类雷达的盲区范围内而无法监测。低空作为大多数昆虫的主要活动区域,是昆虫雷达应监测研究的重要范围，但在此区域雷达工作环境非常恶劣，易受地物回波等干扰影响而使得昆虫监测难度很大，因此该项研究符合现实需要却又极具挑战性。本课题主要在类似报导和前期的研究工作基础上，鉴于不同尺寸多种昆虫的监测需要，提出了基于超宽带雷达的低空飞行昆虫监测新方法，为降低雷达制造成本和提高机动性设计了相应的单站与双站无源定位方案，并引入谐波技术、主成分分析与小波分析等杂波抑制方法来获取低空飞行昆虫的距离速度方位等信息。通过这项研究可望形成超宽带雷达有源无源监测低空飞行昆虫的理论，为农业领域昆虫监测的实际应用与军事领域反电子侦察奠定理论基础和提供重要手段。

中文关键词： 昆虫雷达；超宽带；有源无源定位；低空飞行昆虫；杂波抑制

英文摘要： The insect radar is an important instrument for study of insect ecological behaviour. These days radar entomologists in many countries had observed the process of insect migration above one hundred meter mostly based on the scanning radar or the vertical-looking radar.Those radars were usually disable to detect flying insect at a lower altitude than one hundred meter.The study of flying insect at low altitude as a main field of most insects living is an important part of radar entomology.Because clutter in the echo signal of insect radar resulting from the ground and object at low altitude can make the radar operating badly or in vain,it is significative and necessary for radar to seek redress.By prevenient study and production in radar entomology,the corresponding method was proposed for the detection of different insects based on ultra wide band radar.In order to cut the cost of insect radar and enhance the flexibility of different geography need,the technology of single-station and bistantion passive location in the method was improved to obtain the important information of range,velocity and azimuth.The technologies,such as harmonic radar technique,wavelet analysis and Principal Component Analysis(PCA)techniques,was analyzed for clutter suppression.The mechanism of active and passive location for flying in

英文关键词： insect radar；ultra wide band；active and passive location；low altitude；clutter suppression