磁性秸秆吸附剂耦合微生物还原高氯酸盐的行为与机制研究

项目名称： 磁性秸秆吸附剂耦合微生物还原高氯酸盐的行为与机制研究

项目编号： No.51508307

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2016

项目学科： 其他

项目作者： 许醒

作者单位： 山东大学

项目金额： 20万元

中文摘要： 以麦草、芦竹等生物质秸秆为原料，通过化学共沉淀和表面修饰，制备高效、稳定的磁性生物质秸秆吸附剂；优化合成路线和参数；分析表征磁性生物质秸秆吸附剂的物化特性，明确改性机理；研究磁性生物质秸秆吸附剂对高氯酸盐的吸附行为、吸附容量、热力学和动力学参数，明确其富集高氯酸盐的行为及机制；驯化并培养高氯酸盐还原菌，明确微生物还原体系中，磁性生物质秸秆吸附剂表面菌群微生物膜的形成及影响机制；基于菌群微生物膜的研究结果，探讨溶解氧、pH值、外加电子供体对磁性吸附剂物化特性的影响情况，明确磁性吸附剂的特性变化对微生物原位直接还原磁性吸附剂表面富集高氯酸盐的影响；分析不同氧化还原电位条件下，高氯酸盐还原菌对磁性吸附剂表面富集高氯酸盐的还原反应与还原动力学，明确通过调控氧化还原电位，加快富集高氯酸盐原位还原反应的行为与机制。该研究可为高氯酸盐这一持久性无机污染物的无害化处理提供新的理论与技术支持。

中文关键词： 高氯酸盐；吸附；微生物；氧化还原电位；磁性秸秆吸附剂

英文摘要： Magnetic stalk adsorbents will be prepared by chemical co-precipitation and surface modification methods by using biomass stalks (e.g. wheat stalk, reed) as starting materials. Their preparation process and parameters will be optimized. Physicochemical properties of magnetic stalk adsorbents will be measured to evaluate their preparation mechanisms. The perchlorate in aqueous will be concentrated on surface of magnetic stalk adsorbents. The performance and mechanism on perchlorate adsorption by magnetic stalk adsorbents will be analyzed by determining their adsorption capacity, thermo-dymanics and kinetics parameters. To reduce the laden perchlorate on surface of magnetic stalk adsorbents, perchlorate reducing bacteria will be cultivated and the form of bacteria microbial membrane on surface of magnetic stalk adsorbents will be discussed. Effect of reduction conditions (e.g. dissolved oxygen, pH, electron donors) on physicochemical properties of magnetic stalk adsorbents as well as reduction capacity of laden perchlorate will also be investigated.　In addition, biological-reduction kinetics of laden perchlorate on surface of magnetic stalk adsorbents will be investigated in different redox potential conditions; this will help to improve the reduction rate of laden-perchlorate on surface of adsorbents. Mechanism of this improvement by regulating the redox potential in reduction conditions will be determined. This project is of important theoretical significance and has great practical value to the innocuous treatment of perchlorate from water body.

英文关键词： perchlorate;adsorption;microorganism;redox potential;magnetic stalk adsorbents