2019年沃尔夫数学奖揭晓

2019 年 1 月 20 日 算法与数学之美

Gregory Lawler

Gregory Lawler为概率论的发展做出了开创性的贡献。他获得了关于布朗运动诸多属性的突出成果，例如覆盖次数，相交指数和子集的维数。在研究随机曲线时，Lawler介绍了一个现在的经典模型，即循环擦除随机游走（Loop-ErasedRandom Walk, LERW），并建立了该模型的许多性质。虽然很容易定义，但事实证明它具有基本性质，并且显示出与统一生成树(uniform spanning trees)和二聚体倾斜（dimer tilings）有关。这项工作为Oded Schramm引入SLE曲线之后的大量突破奠定了很多基础。 Lawler，Schramm和Werner计算了布朗相交指数，证明了Mandelbrot猜想：布朗边界具有Hausdorff维数4/3并且确定LERW具有共形不变的缩放限制（scaling limit）。反过来，这些结果为Lawler和其他人进一步激动人心的进步铺平了道路。

Jean Francois Le Gall

Jean-François Le Gall对随机过程理论做出了一些深刻而优雅的贡献。他关于布朗运动的好的特性的研究解决了许多难题，例如多次访问的集合(sets visited multiple times)的特征以及其邻域的体积行为 (thevolume of its neighborhood) ——布朗香肠（Brownian sausage）。 Le Gall在分支过程理论(branching process)方面取得了突破性进展，这在许多应用中都有出现。特别是，他对布朗蛇的介绍及其对其属性的研究彻底改变了超级过程理论—— 将马尔可夫过程概括为不断演变的消失和分裂粒子云。然后，他使用这些工具中的一些来实现对2D量子引力的数学理解的惊人突破。 Le Gall建立了均匀平面映射与规范随机度量对象（布朗映射）的收敛性，并证明它几乎肯定具有Hausdorff维数4并且与2-球同胚。

背景资料

Wolf基金会于1976年开始活动，最初由Wolf家庭捐赠了1000万美元基金。该基金会的创始人和主要捐赠者是RicardoSubiranay Lobo Wolf博士和他的妻子Francisca。投资年收入用于奖金，奖学金和基金会运营费用。

该基金会拥有私营非营利组织的定位。其目标以及奖励管理细节和程序基于“1975年Wolf基金会法”。以色列国家审计员负责监督基金会的所有活动。根据上述基金会法，以色列教育和文化部长担任理事会主席。

Wolf奖是由Wolf基金会授予的一个国际奖项。它的现金奖励为10万美元。每年在农业，化学，数学，医学和物理学等领域（轮流）颁发Wolf科学奖。以色列国总统在耶路撒冷以色列会议大厦（以色列议会）举行的特别仪式上向获得者颁奖。以前Wolf数学奖获得者的列表可以在Wolf基金会的网站www.wolffund.org.il上获得。

附录：

历届Wolf数学奖得主
年份	得主及其获奖时所在单位
1978	Isreal Gelfand (Moscow State University, Moscow, U.S.S.R) Carl L.Siegel (University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany)
1979	Jean Leray (Collège de France, Paris, France) André Weil (Institute for Advanced Study, Princeton, NJ, USA)
1980	Henri Cartan (Université de Paris, Paris, France) Andrey Kolmogorov (Moscow State University, Moscow, U.S.S.R)
1981	Lars Ahlfors (Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA) Oscar Zariski (Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA)
1982	Hassler Whitney (Institute for Advanced Study, Princeton, NJ, USA) Mark Krein (Institute of Physical Chemistry of Ukrainian, S.S.R. Academy of Sciences, Odessa, U.S.S.R)
1983/4	Shiing-Shen Chern（陈省身）（University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA） Paul Erds (Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary)
1984/5	Kunihiko Kodaira (The Japan Academy, Tokyo, Japan) Hans Lewy（University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA）
1986	Samuel Eilenberg (Columbia University, New York, NY, USA) Atle Selberg (Institute for Advanced Study, Princeton, NJ, USA)
1987	Kiyoshi Ito (Research Institute for Mathematical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan) Peter Lax (Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences, New York, NY, USA)
1988	Friedrich Hirzebruch (Max-Planck-Institut für Mathematik and University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany) Lars Hörmander (University of Lund, Lund, Sweden)
1989	Alberto Calderón (University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA) John Milnor (Institute for Advanced Study, Princeton, NJ, USA)
1990	Ennio de Giorgi (Scuola Normale Superiore, Pisa, Italy) Ilya Piatetski-Shapiro (Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel)
1991	No award
1992	Lennart Carleson (University of Uppsala, Uppsala, Sweden and University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA) John G. Thompson (University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK)
1993	Mikhail Gromov (Institut des Hautes Études Scientifiques, Bures-sur-Yvette, France) Jacques Tits (Collège de France, Paris, France)
1994/5	Jürgen Moser (Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH), Zürich, Switzerland)
1995/6	Robert Langlands (Institute for Advanced Study, Princeton, NJ, USA) Andrew Wiles (Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA)
1996/7	Joseph Keller (Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA) Yakov G. Sinai (Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA and the L. D. Landau Institute of Theoretical Physics, Moscow, Russia)
1998	No award
1999	László Lovász (Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA and Eötvös University, Budapest, Hungary) Elias Stein (Princeton University, Pr inceton, NJ, USA)
2000	Raoul Bott (Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA) Jean-Pierre Serre (Collège de France, Paris, France)
2001	Vladimir Arnold (Steklov Mathematical Institute, Moscow, Russian and Université Paris-Dauphine, Paris, France) Saharon Shelah (Hebrew University of Jarusalem, Jerusalem, Israel)
2002/3	Mikio Sato (Research Institute for Mathematical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan) John Tate (University of Texas, Austin, TX, USA)
2004	No award
2005	Grogory Margulis (Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA) Sergei Novikov (University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA and the L. D. Landau Institute of Theoretical Physics, Moscow, Russia)
2006/7	Stephen Smale (University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA) Hillel Furstenberg (Hebrew University of Jarusalem, Jerusalem, Israel)
2008	Pierre Deligne (Institute for Advanced Study, Princeton, NJ, USA) Phillip A. Griffiths (Institute for Advanced Study, Princeton, NJ, USA) David B. Mumford (Brown University, Providence, RI, USA)
2009	No award
2010	Shing-Tung Yau (丘成桐) (Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA) Dennis Sullivan (Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA and CUNY Graduate School and University Center, NY, USA)
2011	No award
2012	Michael Aschbacher (California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA) Luis Caffarelli (University of Texas, Austin, TX, USA)
2013	George Mostow (Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA) Michael Artin (Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA)
2014	Peter Sarnak (Institute for Advanced Study, Princeton, NJ, USA and Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA)
2015	James G. Arthur (University of Toronto)
2016	No award
2017	Charles Fefferman (Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA) Richard Schoen (Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA)
2018	Alexander Beilinson(University of Chicago) Vladimir Drinfeld(University of Chicago)