The concepts of blameworthiness and wrongness are of fundamental importance in human moral life. But to what extent are humans disposed to blame artificially intelligent agents, and to what extent will they judge their actions to be morally wrong? To make progress on these questions, we adopted two novel strategies. First, we break down attributions of blame and wrongness into more basic judgments about the epistemic and conative state of the agent, and the consequences of the agent's actions. In this way, we are able to examine any differences between the way participants treat artificial agents in terms of differences in these more basic judgments. our second strategy is to compare attributions of blame and wrongness across human, artificial, and group agents (corporations). Others have compared attributions of blame and wrongness between human and artificial agents, but the addition of group agents is significant because these agents seem to provide a clear middle-ground between human agents (for whom the notions of blame and wrongness were created) and artificial agents (for whom the question remains open).
翻译:指责和错误的概念在人类道德生活中具有根本重要性。 但是,在什么程度上人类愿意指责人为智能分子,以及他们判断自己的行为在道德上是错误的?为了在这些问题上取得进展,我们采取了两种新战略。 首先,我们把指责和错误的归属分成关于代理人的认知和混和状态以及代理人行为后果的更基本判断。 这样,我们就可以从这些更基本判断的差异的角度来审视参与者对待人为代理人的方式之间的任何差异。 我们的第二个战略是比较人类、人为和团体代理人(团体)之间的指责和错误归属。 其他人比较了人类和人为代理人之间的指责和错误归属,但群体代理人的增加很重要,因为这些代理人似乎为人类代理人(对谁造成了指责和错误的概念)和人工代理人(对谁来说问题仍然开放)提供了明确的中间基础。