There is a general agreement that it is important to consider the practical relevance of an effect in addition to its statistical significance, yet a formal definition of practical relevance is still pending and shall be provided within this paper. It appears that an underlying decision problem, characterized by actions and a loss function, is required to define the notion of practical relevance, rendering it a decision theoretic concept. In the context of hypothesis-based analyses, the notion of practical relevance relates to specifying the hypotheses reasonably, such that the null hypothesis does not contain only a single parameter null value, but also all parameter values that are equivalent to the null value on a practical level. In that regard, the definition of practical relevance is also extended into the context of hypotheses. The formal elaborations on the notion of practical relevance within this paper indicate that, typically, a specific decision problem is implicitly assumed when dealing with the practical relevance of an effect or some results. As a consequence, involving decision theoretic considerations into a statistical analysis suggests itself by the mere nature of the notion of practical relevance.
翻译:人们普遍同意,除了统计意义外,还必须考虑到某种影响的实际相关性,但实际相关性的正式定义尚待确定,并应在本文件中提供,似乎需要一个基本的决定问题,其特点是行动和损失功能,以界定实际相关性的概念,使之成为一个决定理论概念;在基于假设的分析中,实际相关性的概念与合理具体说明假设有关,因此,无效假设不仅包含一个单一的参数,而且包含相当于实际一级无效值的所有参数值;在这方面,实际相关性的定义也延伸到假设的范围内;本文件内关于实际相关性概念的正式阐述表明,在处理某种效果或某些结果的实际相关性时,通常会隐含一个具体的决定问题;因此,将决定性考虑纳入统计分析就意味着实际相关性概念的单纯性质。