高性能多孔硅基纳米复合锂离子电池负极材料的制备及性能研究

项目名称： 高性能多孔硅基纳米复合锂离子电池负极材料的制备及性能研究

项目编号： No.21301125

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2014

项目学科： 数理科学和化学

项目作者： 陈冬赟

作者单位： 苏州大学

项目金额： 25万元

中文摘要： 硅基锂离子电池负极材料由于其高比电容量以及低放电点等优势成为当前电极材料研究工作的重点。然而，其低电导率以及充放电过程中巨大的体积变化对电极材料的循环性能有着致命的影响。本项目拟通过简便的镁热还原不同形貌的二氧化硅前体的方法制备多孔硅纳米球、纳米棒、纳米管以及纳米带等，并掺杂不同的导电添加剂以及粘结剂制备硅基纳米复合负极材料。此外，我们还将探讨硅纳米材料的多孔微观结构和形貌、制备的复合负极材料电化学嵌/脱锂过程与电化学性能之间相关影响机制问题，并通过研究改进制备电化学贮锂可逆容量高、高倍率充放电性能及循环性能优异的硅基纳米复合锂离子电池负极材料。本项目为高性能锂离子电池新型负极材料的研究提供了一种新的途径，其研究和结果满足了动力电池以及新能源汽车产业的需求并可形成自主知识产权，有助于提升我国未来新能源汽车及动力电池核心零部件等方面的自主创新能力和核心竞争力。

中文关键词： 锂离子电池；多孔材料；负极材料；硅；

英文摘要： Silicon-based anodes are the most appealing materials through a combination of high specific capacity and low discharge potentials. However, their low electrical conductivity and large volume changes between the charged and discharged states are detrimental to cycling stability. This project proposes the preparation of porous silicon nanosphere, nanorod, nanotube and nanobelt through magnesiothermic reduction of various morphologies of silica nanoparticles. Then the obtained porous silicon nanoparticles will be doped with different conductive additives and binders to fabricate silicon-based anode material. In addition, we will investigate the connection between nanostructure and morphology of porous silicon nanomaterial and electrochemical performance of anode material in the lithiation/delithiation process to fabricate silicon-based anode material with higher reversible lithium storage capacity, better rate capability and excellent cycle stability. This project provides a new strategy of exploring high performance lithium-ion battery anode material to meet the demand of power battery and new energy vehicles industry. This independent intellectual property rights will help to enhance independent innovation capability and competitiveness of core components of new energy vehicles and power batteries.

英文关键词： Lithium ion battery；Porous material；Anode material；Silicon；