新型三维纳米材料光伏电池的制备及性能研究

项目名称： 新型三维纳米材料光伏电池的制备及性能研究

项目编号： No.21301039

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2014

项目学科： 数理科学和化学

项目作者： 王珊珊

作者单位： 哈尔滨工业大学

项目金额： 25万元

中文摘要： 三维纳米材料光伏电池，是一种新型光伏电池结构，它是由零维纳米颗粒、一维纳米线和二维纳米薄膜组成，它具有廉价、绿色、光电转化效率高等优点。我们设计并提出了制备这种新型光伏电池的方法，针对一维高密度硅纳米线表面较难制作成均匀、可控异质结的问题，提出了一种简便、可行的制备工艺，即采用两步法，在一维纳米线阵列的表面形成均匀的半导体纳米粒子包覆层，充分利用一维纳米线巨大的比表面积，形成高效的纳米粒子/纳米线异质界面，再引入高导电性的碳纳米管薄膜作为光阳极，以制备出具有较强光吸收、高效电荷拆分和收集能力的高光电转化效率的新型三维纳米材料光伏电池。此外，本项的研究对廉价、柔性和高效率光伏电池的开发具有实验和理论指导意义。

中文关键词： 纳米材料；碳纳米管；石墨烯；光伏电池；超级电容器

英文摘要： Three-dimensional (3-D) nanomaterial-based photovoltaic cells is a new type of photovoltaic cell, composed of the zero-dimensional nano-particles, one-dimensional (1-D) nanowires and two-dimensional nano films, which has the advantages of simple fabrication processes, low cost and high performance. We designed and developed a method for the preparation of this novel photovoltaic cell, which is a simple and feasible preparation process, provided a possible solution for preparing a uniform and controllable heterojunction on the surface of high-density 1-D silicon nanowire array. Using two-step method, we prepared a uniform layer of semiconductor nanoparticles on the surface of 1-D nanowire array to form a highly efficient heterojunction at nanoparticle/nanowire interface through the huge surface areas of the 1-D nanowires. The nanotube films was used as a photoanode, with high conductivity, to assemble the new 3-D nanomaterial-based photovoltaic cells that have the advantages of strong optical absorption, efficient charge separation and collection and high photoelectric conversion efficiency. We will do more research on the investigation and optimization the preparation conditions of the nanomaterials and the heterojunction for further improving performance of the photovoltaic cell. This projection will provide a

英文关键词： Nano-materials ；Carbon nanotubes ；Graphene；Solar cells ；Supercapacitor