新发现的水椰八角铁甲天敌啮小蜂对寄主免疫抑制与调控机理

项目名称： 新发现的水椰八角铁甲天敌啮小蜂对寄主免疫抑制与调控机理

项目编号： No.31272108

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 农业科学

项目作者： 侯有明

作者单位： 福建农林大学

项目金额： 82万元

中文摘要： 本项目以入侵害虫水椰八角铁甲-椰扁甲啮小蜂系统为对象，采用生理生态学和分子生物学技术，分析水椰八角铁甲蛹血细胞类型及其功能，从细胞免疫角度揭示入侵害虫的入侵特性；分析椰扁甲啮小蜂寄生因子的种类及其时效性，明确毒液中存在的蛋白种类及其对寄主免疫系统的调控；通过对啮小蜂寄生引起水椰八角铁甲蛹血细胞数量、延展、吞噬和包囊作用等的变化研究，明确关键血细胞类型的响应及对铁甲蛹血细胞免疫影响的生理机制；探明啮小蜂寄生后，铁甲蛹血淋巴中抗氧化酶、酚氧化酶PO和活性氧自由基ROS间相互关系，阐明害虫的免疫应激反应及其对黑化反应等功能的影响，揭示寄生蜂毒液对寄主生理和生物化学调控的过程，进一步解释啮小蜂破坏寄主的体液免疫反应的机理。该研究不仅有助于深入剖析椰扁甲啮小蜂与寄主的免疫互作效应，加强寄生蜂保育和提高田间自然控害效果，而且对于开发以昆虫免疫系统为靶标的新型害虫抑制剂等提供新的思路和途径。

中文关键词： 水椰八角铁甲；椰扁甲啮小蜂；毒液；免疫抑制；调控机理

英文摘要： In the system of invasive pest Octodonta nipae Maulik and its endoparasitic wasps Tetrastichus brontispae Ferrière, the types and functions of pupa hemocyte in O. nipae will be studied with the technology of physiological ecology and molecular biology, to reveal invasive characteristics of invasive pest from the angle of celluar immunity. Kinds of parasitic factors and their timeliness will be analyzed to determine kinds of protein existed in venom and their regulations on host immune system. Changes of the number of total hemocyte cells (THC), and their extension, cytophagy and encapsulation in O. nipae pupa parasitized by T. brontispae will be studied, in order to clarify responses of the key types of hemocyte and their physiological mechanism of the hemocyte immune response. The correlations among antioxidase, phenoloxidases (PO) and ROS after the parasitism by T. brontispae will be investigated to expound the response of O. nipae parasitism by T. brontispae in the immune reactivity and its effect to the function such as humoral melanization. Also, this research will uncover the physiological and biochemistry process in the host which caused by the parasitic wasp for further explaining the mechanism that T. brontispae damages the host humoral immunity. This research will not only attribute to further analysis

英文关键词： Octodonta nipae Maulik；Tetrastichus brontispae Ferrière；Venom；Immune Suppression；Regulative Mechanism