聚烯烃型聚氨酯材料的结构设计及耐老化机理研究

项目名称： 聚烯烃型聚氨酯材料的结构设计及耐老化机理研究

项目编号： No.51503218

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2016

项目学科： 一般工业技术

项目作者： 陈景

作者单位： 中国科学院宁波材料技术与工程研究所

项目金额： 20万元

中文摘要： 在现有的生物医用高分子材料（尤其是长期植入体内的材料）中，聚氨酯材料因其具有独特的多嵌段结构、良好的力学性能和优异的生物相容性,在医疗领域中占据了不可替代的位置。但目前使用的聚氨酯材料在体内均发生了降解现象，如聚酯型聚氨酯易于水解,聚醚聚氨酯易于氧化降解。聚氨酯的体内老化问题已成为限制聚氨酯材料进一步发展和应用的关键问题之一。.本课题拟从材料的结构设计角度出发，将饱和碳链结构引入聚氨酯材料的软段，结合含脂肪环结构的硬段，制备一系列新型抗老化聚氨酯材料。考察材料的软硬段结构调控对其微观结构、宏观性能的影响。通过构建聚氨酯材料精确在线连续老化评价新方法，模拟体内环境，在线监测聚氨酯降解行为，探讨聚氨酯材料结构与老化降解行为之间的关系，并以此来明确解释聚氨酯材料的老化降解机理。归纳聚氨酯材料的结构设计与老化降解行为之间的系统影响规律，同时为耐老化降解型聚氨酯材料的设计和研究提出可靠的理论指导。

中文关键词： 聚氨酯；氧化降解；植入材料；在线连续评价；老化机理

英文摘要： Among biomedical polymer materials (especially long-term implanted materials), polyurethane occupies an irreplaceable position in the field of medical treatment because of its unique block structure, good mechanical properties and excellent biocompatibility. Currently, polyurethane materials occur degradation in vivo, such as polyester polyurethane are easy to hydrolysis, polyether polyurethane are easy to oxidation degradation. The in vivo aging of polyurethane has become one of the key problems restricting the further development and application of polyurethane materials. This topic prepares a series of new anti-aging polyurethane material, which is from the point of structure design of materials. It includes the saturated carbon chain of soft segment, combined with the aliphatic ring structure of hard segment. And we will investigate the influences of soft and hard segment structure adjustment on its microstructure and macroscopic properties. Through constructing polyurethane material accurate online continuous aging evaluation method, environmental simulation, online monitoring of polyurethane degradation behavior, this topic can explore the relationship between the structure of polyurethane materials and the aging degradation behavior, and explain the aging degradation mechanism of polyurethane materials clearly. Finally, this topic will induce the influence law between system structure design of polyurethane materials and aging degradation behavior, at the same time put forward the reliable theoretical guidance for the design and research of the aging degradation of polyurethane materials.

英文关键词： polyurethane;oxidative degradation;implanted materials;online continuous evaluation;aging mechanism