分级结构纳米Ni-Fe合金的可控制备及催化“构-效”关系研究

项目名称： 分级结构纳米Ni-Fe合金的可控制备及催化“构-效”关系研究

项目编号： No.51201116

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 金属材料学科

项目作者： 刘丽君

作者单位： 武汉纺织大学

项目金额： 25万元

中文摘要： 电子转移反应进行时，催化剂表面上存在电子迁移行为。纳米晶催化剂比表面积大，但粒子表面上缺乏电子迁移通道且易团聚。本项目拟在纳米晶催化单元之间构建电子迁移通道，以提高其催化活性。在前期研究基础上，利用液相共还原法合成由低维纳米晶（纳米片和纳米棒）组成的具有复杂分级结构的纳米Ni?Fe合金，实现材料的物相、组成、形貌及裸露晶面的可控；通过动力学手段调控晶体生长的微环境，研究纳米晶结构单元各向异性生长的驱动机制及复杂分级结构的形成机理；选择硼氢化钠催化还原对硝基酚的反应为模型反应，研究分级结构纳米Ni?Fe合金的结构参数与催化活性的本质联系，探索分级结构表面上的电子迁移规律，为制备电子转移反应的高效纳米催化材料提供理论基础。

中文关键词： 镍铁合金；分级纳米结构；生长机理；电子迁移通道；催化

英文摘要： The electron transfer behavior exists on the catalyst when the electron transfer reaction occurs. The nanocatalysts have large specific surface area, but there is short of the electron transfer channels on the nanocatalysts. Moreover, the nanocatalysts aggregate easily with each other. The project will construct the hierarchical and multi-dimensional electron transfer channels among the nanocatalyst units in order to enhance the catalytic activity. On the basis of the initial research groundwork, the project will synthesize Ni-Fe alloy hierarchical nanostructures composed of low-dimensional building blocks (nanoplates and nanorods) with the controllable phase, composition, morphology and exposed crystalline facet through the solution-phase reduction method. By modifying the micro-environment of crystalline growth with use of the kinetic control, the project will also study the driving force of the anisotropic growth of the building blocks and the growth mechanism of hierarchical nanostructures. Choosing the catalytic reduction of 4-nitrophenyl by sodium borohydride as the model reaction, the project will study the relationship between the structural parameters and the catalytic activity of the hierarchically nanostructured Ni-Fe alloy, explore the principle of the electron transferring behavior on the surface of

英文关键词： Ni-Fe alloy；hierarchical nanostructures；growth mechanism；electron-transfer channel；catalysis