多孔结构镍（氢）氧化物纳微米材料的调控合成及电容性能

项目名称： 多孔结构镍（氢）氧化物纳微米材料的调控合成及电容性能

项目编号： No.21461024

项目类型： 地区科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 数理科学和化学

项目作者： 柴卉

作者单位： 新疆大学

项目金额： 65万元

中文摘要： 超级电容器用镍基电极材料具有环境友好、资源丰富、理论比电容高等优点, 但实际合成的镍基电极材料通常比电容都不高,循环稳定性也不够理想。本申请项目拟从优化材料的微介观结构以提高其电容性能的角度出发，选择具有较大理论容量的NiO和Ni(OH)2 作为研究对象，在前期孔、层纳微米镍基电极材料形成机理的基础上，研究晶相结构、片层厚度、孔隙率等结构调控机制，开发一种普适性的便捷合成方法，扩展应用于三维自组装多孔结构（氢）氧化物的合成。系统研究多孔 NiO 和Ni(OH)2作为超级电容器电极活性材料的电化学行为，对其电容特性与多孔纳微米结构之间的关系进行全面解析，揭示其微介观结构与电化学性能之间的构效关系规律,为超级电容器用高比电容镍基电极材料的制备提供理论依据和技术指导，既丰富了纳微米结构研究领域的内涵，同时也将极大提升新疆优势矿产资源的深加工利用技术水平。

中文关键词： 多孔结构；氧化镍；氢氧化镍；电极材料；纳微米材料

英文摘要： NiO/Ni(OH)2 is promising in application of electrochemical capacitors because of low cost, high theoretical capacity and environmental friendly character. However, there still exists some shortcomings, such as rapid capacity decay, and more work is needed for improving the electrochemically performance. In this project, the designed synthesis of nano/micro NiO/Ni(OH)2 would been synthesized by the simple, convenient chemical reaction techniques. The structure, size, morphology and dispersion of solid-state product will be controlled through the design of reaction system, reaction conditions, and reaction additions. The reaction mechanism and influence factors will be discussed. The synthetic method for nano/microscale NiO/Ni(OH)2 will be established. The electrochemical property of nano/microscale NiO/Ni(OH)2 for supercapacitor will be tested, and the correlation between microstructure and electrochemical performance of as-prepared nano/microscale NiO/Ni(OH)2 will be found. Based on that, the rules of designed synthesis for nano/microscale NiO/Ni(OH)2 electrode materials can be obtained, which will provide an example for the further development of the synthetic techniques, and open up a new way to improve the comprehensive properties of supercapacitor.

英文关键词： Porous structure;NiO;Ni(OH)2;electrode material;nano/micro material