空间站快速充电机理研究

项目名称： 空间站快速充电机理研究

项目编号： No.41474165

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 天文学、地球科学

项目作者： 黄建国

作者单位： 北京卫星环境工程研究所

项目金额： 85万元

中文摘要： 快速充电事件是国际空间站（ISS）2006年以来新近发现的一种由高压太阳电池阵驱动的LEO航天器充电效应，表现为结构体悬浮电位在航天器出地影瞬间呈现一个快速充电脉冲，通常都显著超过了空间站结构体电位的安全阈值（-40V），目前对其机理的认识尚不清楚。 本项目在现有充电理论的基础上，拟针对快速充电事件的时间特征（出地影瞬间）、环境特征（LEO等离子体）、结构特征（高压太阳电池阵）等研究充电发生的细致过程，建立空间站快速充电的物理模型，从而初步揭示快速充电效应的发生条件、过程和机理；并将模型计算结果与国际空间站典型观测数据进行比较，检验模型的合理性。 本项目旨在解决航天器充放电领域的未解问题，深化和拓展对空间环境及效应机理的认识和应用，对我国未来空间站的带电防护设计更具有现实的指导意义。

中文关键词： 空间环境；等离子体；航天器

英文摘要： The Rapid Charging Event (RCE) is a new category of spacecraft charging effect, which was first observed on the International Space Station (ISS) in 2006. It's driven by high voltage solar arrays in LEO plasma environment, and displays as a rapid pulse of floating potential lasting for tens of seconds. The mechanism of RCE hasn't been clearly understood till present. This project aims to investigate the detailed process of RCE in the frame of the existing charging theory. We expect to construct a reazonable circuit model for RCE process considering its characteristics of occuring at exit from eclipse, LEO plasma environment and driven by high voltage solar arrays etc. Based on the circuit model, a physical model quantitively discribs the floating potential evolvement can be developed. The model will be compared with the typical observation data from ISS to verify its reasonability. This work helps to clarify the Rapid Charging Events, which has kept a puzzle till now, and eventually deepen and widen our understandings to the interaction of spacecrafts with space environment. Therefore it will lay theoretical foundation to space station charging prevent design, and make important contribution to chinese future space station design against charging effects.

英文关键词： space environment;plasma;spacecraft