基于微藻能动响应的海洋污染微流控芯片生物测试系统的构建及应用

项目名称： 基于微藻能动响应的海洋污染微流控芯片生物测试系统的构建及应用

项目编号： No.41476085

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 天文学、地球科学

项目作者： 郑国侠

作者单位： 大连大学

项目金额： 91万元

中文摘要： 海洋污染应急、预警监测必须考虑突发事件下所有可能出现的污染物，要求具备快速性、宽谱性和综合性的特点。生物测试在此应用过程中显示出巨大优势。海洋微藻能动行为从亚细胞水平与海洋宏观的生态学现象相关联，不仅敏感，而且具有强大的生态学指示意义。但由于缺乏友好性测试平台而在生物测试应用中受到限制。微流控芯片以其微流体的精确控制和高度集成化的特征在海洋微藻无损伤在线培养、稳定梯度流水式添加或动态化学梯度环境模拟、微藻受胁迫以及在线观测等操作过程的灵活组合、规模集成方面极具优势，已经成为微藻研究的潜在平台。本项目拟将对海洋微藻能动行为现象、过程及机制的理解与极具发展潜力的微流控芯片技术进行整合与同化，构建微藻能动行为（游泳行为和趋化行为）响应微流控芯片生物测试系统。力求以一种高通量、快速、适于现场的方式进行海洋污染毒性的综合评价和海水营养程度的快速分析，为海洋环境污染应急预警监测提供一种新型技术。

中文关键词： 生物测试；微流控芯片；海洋微藻；能动行为；海洋污染

英文摘要： During marine pollution early warning and monitoring in emergencies all potential contaminants must be considered and the method used should be fast, wide-spectrum and comprehensive. Bioassay shows great advantages in process of this application. Marine microalgae motility can be a gauge to sense their surrounding environment and a logical linkage between biochemical processes on the sub-cell level and ecological consequence on ecosystem level. However, due to the absence of user-friendly tools facilitating tests operation, it received much less attention in bioassay applications. The microfluidics has advantages in precise microflow control and high scale of integration. It allows the multiple processes of marine microalgae no- interferential culturing, stable gradient flow-adding or dynamic chemical gradient simulation, cell stressing and on-line monitoring to be integrated in a single chip, and has become a potential platform in microalgae research. This project is to integrate and assimilate the understanding of microalgal motile phenomena and microfludics and thus to build a microfluidic bioassay system in measurement of microalgal motility responses (swimming and chemotaxic) to marine pollutants. In summary, we will supply a high-throughput, fast, and suitable tool for on-site comprehensive evaluation of nutritional level and pollutants toxicity in marine environment, and to provide a new technique in marine pollution early warning and monitoring.

英文关键词： bioassay;microfluidics;marine microalgae;motility behavior;marine pollution